相变蓄能火炕联合毛细管网型太阳能辅热系统供暖模式研究

发布时间：2018-05-24 00:19

  本文选题：太阳能采暖系统 + 相变蓄能　； 参考：《沈阳建筑大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在寒冷的北方农村地区,火炕作为主要的采暖设施,而传统单一的火炕热效率低、燃料消耗量大,已不能满足人们对室内热环境的需求。因此,本文提出了一种新型的采暖系统与农居火炕相结合,即将相变蓄能技术与毛细管网型太阳能采暖技术相结合运用在火炕上,为提高室内舒适度、降低能耗和改善室内热环境提供了一种有效的途径。本文对我国北方农村火炕的结构及工作原理进行了研究和分析,并详细地论述了火炕的评价指标。通过参考太阳能采暖系统设计规范,确定了太阳能采暖系统的设计方案。采用太阳能供暖,在技术、经济、环保等方面都具有显著的优势和竞争力,大大改善了农居室内的热环境。相变材料是利用相变过程中吸热和放热的性质来进行蓄热的物质,具有蓄热密度大,传热温差小、换热效率高等优点,在时间和空间上实现了能量的转移,对建筑物的供暖起到了削峰填谷的作用。本文对相变传热的特点、相变传热数学模型的建立和相变传热的求解方法都做了相应的介绍,同时对相变材料的选取、相变材料的封装以及如何与炕体良好的结合作了深入的研究和分析,提出了一套适合于农村采暖的相变蓄热火炕的设计方案。通过在理论分析的基础上与实际相结合,对相变蓄能火炕联合毛细管网型太阳能供暖系统进行了实验研究。主要对实验台的搭建过程、实验方案的设计和实验的测试进行了详细的论述。通过对不同工况下房间和炕面温度分布情况的对比分析得出实验结论。研究表明：相变材料火炕联合毛细管网型太阳能系统的采暖效果最好,室内以及炕面的舒适度最高。该系统室内的平均温度为24.41℃,比普通房间高14.31℃；炕面温度波动小,分布较均匀,温差最大处仅为3℃；夜间炕面温度下降缓慢,炕面平均温度高于普通火炕炕面的平均温度。该系统的热工性、蓄热性、散热性优于普通火炕。基于实验测得的数据,利用FLUENT模拟软件进行模拟,对模拟过程中模型的建立、网格的划分和FLUENT计算参数的设置进行分析,并对模拟结果与实验所测的结果作对比研究。研究表明：模拟结果与实测值基本吻合,验证了采用FLUENT模拟室内热环境的可行性,为改善农居室内的热环境提供了研究手段。本文以实验测试数据为基础,对相变蓄能火炕联合毛细管网型太阳能采暖系统的能耗情况、节能性和经济性等方面进行了综合评价。研究得到：该系统一年可节约能量14056.24MJ,在其寿命周期内可节省20539.86元,并且投入使用后3.05年可收回成本。同时对比分析了四种不同工况下火炕的热工性、炕体的散热性和室内热环境,全面研究相变蓄能火炕联合毛细管网型太阳能采暖系统的性能和采暖效果,为该系统在农村的发展提供理论支撑。
[Abstract]:As the main heating facilities in the cold rural areas of northern China, the traditional single Kang has low thermal efficiency and large fuel consumption, which can not meet the needs of the indoor thermal environment. Therefore, a new type of heating system is proposed in this paper, which is the combination of phase change energy storage technology and capillary net solar heating technology, in order to improve indoor comfort. It provides an effective way to reduce energy consumption and improve indoor thermal environment. In this paper, the structure and working principle of fire Kang in rural areas of northern China are studied and analyzed, and the evaluation index of fire Kang is discussed in detail. By referring to the design specification of solar heating system, the design scheme of solar heating system is determined. Solar heating has obvious advantages and competitiveness in technology, economy and environmental protection, which greatly improves the thermal environment in agricultural rooms. Phase change material (PCM) is a kind of material which uses the properties of endothermic and exothermic in the process of phase transformation to store heat. It has the advantages of high density of heat storage, small difference of heat transfer temperature, high efficiency of heat transfer, etc., and the transfer of energy is realized in time and space. The heating of the building played a role in cutting the peak and filling the valley. In this paper, the characteristics of phase change heat transfer, the establishment of mathematical model of phase change heat transfer and the solution method of phase change heat transfer are all introduced. At the same time, the selection of phase change material is also given. The encapsulation of phase change material and how to combine it with Kang body are studied and analyzed deeply, and a design scheme of phase change heat storage Kang suitable for rural heating is put forward. Based on the theoretical analysis and the practice, the experimental study on the phase change energy storage Kang combined with capillary net solar heating system was carried out. The construction process, the design of experimental scheme and the test of experiment are discussed in detail. The experimental results are obtained by comparing and analyzing the temperature distribution of room and Kang under different working conditions. The results show that the heating effect of the phase change material Kang combined with capillary net solar system is the best, and the indoor and the comfort of the Kang surface is the highest. The average indoor temperature of the system is 24.41 鈩，

本文编号：1926954