微功率无线热量表抄表系统设计与实现

发布时间：2018-05-26 04:22

本文选题：ISM频段 + 微功率　；参考：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在热量表行业,随着一户一表和分户计量工程的推行,使得远程自动抄表通信系统应运而生。远程自动抄表通信系统是目前热力运营商通过远程监控、热量采集、热量分析、信息挖掘的远程实时监控系统；避免了人工抄表的诸多弊端,解决了热力运营商收费难等问题。目前,热量表远程抄表系统大多采用结合GPRS设备的采集终端向网络服务器传输数据,从而实现远程供热信息的实时获取。由于每个采集终端的负载能力有限,导致每栋楼必须配置一台采集终端或者更多,鉴于GPRS设备的成本相对较高,使得这种方案在设备成本上不具备优势；另外,在用户相对分散的区域,为了节省设备成本,允许多栋楼之间只配置一台具备GPRS设备的采集终端,这样又使得该方案在施工布线成本上不具备优势。随着无线通信技术的发展,微功率无线技术越来越成熟,价格相对GPRS设备较低,能够同时解决上述系统的诸多问题。本课题结合已经分析出的系统问题,借助成本相对较低的微功率无线通信设备,设计开发了嵌入了微功率无线模块的数据采集终端和数据集中单元,在此基础上通过添加用于计量的热量表和用于展示的管理软件就构成了微功率无线热量表抄表系统。该系统由3层构成,自底至顶依次为：热计量层,热量信息传输层,用热信息统计分析及展示层。采用这种架构设计的系统适用场景广泛,尤其适合现在规模日益增大的居民小区。而且本文方案中,由于采集终端不含有GPRS设备,因而有效地控制了方案中设备的成本；同时采集终端与数据集中单元之间通过无线技术通信,也不需要进行布线施工改造,有效地节约了实施成本。对于热量表和管理软件为既有技术,在本课题中只做简单介绍。本文重点介绍了数据采集终端和数据集中单元的设计与开发,其中包括电路原理图的设计、硬件电路的调试、嵌入式程序的编写、通讯协议的制定、功能单元测试及系统整体测试等工作。经过实验证明,该方案在设备成本上具有一定优势,实施上具备较好的可操作性,具有广阔的应用前景和推广价值。
[Abstract]:In the heat meter industry, with the implementation of one-meter and one-household metering project, the remote automatic meter reading communication system emerges as the times require. Remote automatic meter reading communication system is a remote real-time monitoring system for thermal operators through remote monitoring, heat acquisition, heat analysis and information mining, which avoids many disadvantages of manual meter reading and solves the problems of heating operators' charge. At present, the heat meter remote meter reading system mostly uses the collection terminal combined with GPRS equipment to transmit the data to the network server, thus realizes the remote heating information real-time acquisition. Because of the limited load capacity of each acquisition terminal, each building must be equipped with one or more acquisition terminals. In view of the relatively high cost of GPRS equipment, this scheme does not have an advantage in equipment cost. In order to save equipment cost, only one acquisition terminal with GPRS equipment is allowed to be installed between buildings in the area where users are relatively dispersed, which makes the scheme have no advantage in construction wiring cost. With the development of wireless communication technology, micro-power wireless technology is becoming more and more mature, and the price is lower than that of GPRS equipment, so it can solve many problems of the above system at the same time. With the help of the relatively low cost micro-power wireless communication equipment, the data acquisition terminal and data centralized unit embedded in the micro-power wireless module are designed and developed. On this basis, the micro-power wireless heat meter reading system is constructed by adding the heat meter for measurement and the management software for display. The system consists of three layers, from bottom to top: heat metering layer, heat information transmission layer, statistical analysis and display layer with thermal information. The system designed with this architecture is suitable for a wide range of scenarios, especially for the growing scale of residential areas. Moreover, the cost of the equipment in the scheme is effectively controlled because the acquisition terminal does not contain GPRS equipment, at the same time, the wireless communication between the acquisition terminal and the data centralized unit is not needed, and the wiring construction transformation is not necessary. The cost of implementation is saved effectively. For the heat meter and management software for the existing technology, in this subject only a brief introduction. This paper mainly introduces the design and development of data acquisition terminal and data centralized unit, including the design of circuit schematic, the debugging of hardware circuit, the writing of embedded program, the formulation of communication protocol. Function unit testing and system testing. It is proved by experiments that this scheme has some advantages in equipment cost, good maneuverability in implementation, and has broad application prospect and popularization value.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU995

【共引文献】