一种新型复合形状记忆合金阻尼器的试验与仿真研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 10:19

本文选题：形状记忆合金 + 阻尼器　；参考：《哈尔滨工程大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为一种新型智能才材料,形状记忆合金(Shape Memory Alloy) 一直受到学者们的青睐。它具有极为神奇的形状记忆效应和超弹性性能。除此之外它还具有良好的抗腐蚀性和抗磨损性。这些优异的条件令它的适用范围极广,包含航空航天、土木建筑、医疗器械、电子元件等诸多领域。本课题以设计一种新型的减震耗能效果较好的阻尼器为目的。首先应用试验研究的方法对形状记忆合金的力学性能进行了详细的分析。通过形状记忆合金丝的热处理试验,分析了热处理温度和热处理时间对其性能的影响,得出合理的热处理温度和时间。之后通过对形状记忆合金丝的循环加卸载试验,研究了循环加载次数、加载速率、应变幅值等工况对形状记忆合金丝的力学性能的影响。其中力学性能包括残余应变、相变应力、单圈耗能、等效阻尼比等。其次以现存形状记忆合金本构理论为基础,研究形状记忆合金的宏观力学特性,对形状记忆合金的热力学行为进行了数值模拟,将数值模拟所得到的应力应变关系曲线与试验结果进行对比,两者吻合度较高。然后设计并制作了一种易于加工、节省空间、适用性强的新型复合形状记忆合金阻尼器,并通过试验研究了形状记忆合金丝数量、加载速率、加载行程等因素对阻尼器的耗能效果的影响。然后建立了有无阻尼器的两种框架结构的有限元模型,并输入EL Centro地震波,通过对层间位移、速度、加速度变化的分析,研究阻尼器的抗震效果,并通过输入多遇地震波和罕遇地震波两种地震波研究了阻尼器的适用范围。
[Abstract]:As a new intelligent material, shape Memory alloy has been favored by scholars. It has extremely magical shape memory effect and hyperelastic performance. In addition, it also has good corrosion resistance and wear resistance. These excellent conditions make it applicable to a wide range of fields, including aerospace, civil engineering, medical devices, electronic components and so on. The purpose of this paper is to design a new damper with better energy dissipation effect. Firstly, the mechanical properties of shape memory alloy are analyzed in detail by means of experimental study. Through the heat treatment test of shape memory alloy wire, the influence of heat treatment temperature and heat treatment time on its properties was analyzed, and the reasonable heat treatment temperature and time were obtained. Then, the effects of cyclic loading times, loading rate and strain amplitude on the mechanical properties of shape memory alloy wires were studied by cyclic loading and unloading tests. The mechanical properties include residual strain, phase transition stress, single loop energy dissipation, equivalent damping ratio and so on. Secondly, based on the existing constitutive theory of shape memory alloy, the macroscopic mechanical properties of shape memory alloy are studied, and the thermodynamic behavior of shape memory alloy is numerically simulated. The stress-strain curves obtained by numerical simulation are compared with the experimental results. Then a new type of composite shape memory alloy damper is designed and fabricated, which is easy to process, saves space and has strong applicability. The number and loading rate of shape memory alloy wire are studied by experiments. The effect of loading stroke and other factors on the energy dissipation of the damper. Then, the finite element model of two frame structures with or without dampers is established, and El Centro seismic waves are input. The seismic effect of the dampers is studied by analyzing the changes of interstory displacement, velocity and acceleration. The suitable range of dampers is studied by input frequent and rare seismic waves.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU352.1

【参考文献】