居住建筑用户位置对耗热量及热价影响研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 23:36

本文选题：计量供热 + 两部制热价　；参考：《天津大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：实施供热计量及收费不仅是深化我国供热体制改革的有效措施,也是促使用户行为节能,降低供暖能耗的重要手段。然而目前我国在与供热计量有关的热价制定方法与收费模式方面的研究相对滞后,制约了供热体制改革的进程。因此制定科学合理的热价和收费模式是我国供热计量改革工作所需要解决的首要问题。本文对天津市2013~2014年供暖季6个小区的供热数据进行分析,得出了在未考虑室温因素的情况下,建筑中不同位置用户单位采暖面积耗热量的相对差异达到26.5%,差额不容忽视。在按用户实际耗热量收取供暖费用时,需要采取适当方法来减小用户位置对热费的影响。采用居住建筑的实测供暖数据对eQUEST能耗计算模型进行验证,然后运用能耗模拟方法分析了北方采暖地区不同建筑节能率和不同建筑平面布局下用户位置对单位面积耗热量的影响,发现不同位置用户的单位面积耗热量相差很大,最大相对差异达到145.6%;同时还分析了室温对不同位置用户单位面积耗热量和用户相对耗热量系数的影响,结果表明室温变化对不同位置用户耗热量的影响幅度不同,中中用户受影响最大,其次为底中用户、底边用户、中边用户、顶中用户和顶边用户;在用户室温同时升高或降低时,室温对不同位置用户的相对耗热量系数无显著影响。合理的固定热价比例、用户耗热量位置修正系数和公共耗热量分摊等方法可以在一定程度上减小用户位置对耗热量和热费的影响。固定热价比例越大,用户位置对热费的影响越小,但越不利于调动用户节能的积极性;随着采暖度日数的增大,不同位置用户修正系数的相对差异逐渐减小,用户位置对耗热量的影响越来越小;公共耗热量分摊的计算方法较为复杂繁琐且并未体现全部公共部分耗热量的分摊,本文提出了改进方法。以天津市用户耗热量的实测数据为基础,分析了采用位置修正的两部制热价收费方式在减小用户位置对热费影响方面所起的作用,得出:与两部制热价收费方式相比,采用位置修正的两部制热价收费方式有效减少了不同位置用户间热费的差值,因此采用位置修正的两部制热价的收费方式具有一定的合理性。
[Abstract]:The implementation of heating metering and charging is not only an effective measure to deepen the reform of heating system in our country, but also an important means to promote the user's behavior to save energy and reduce the energy consumption of heating. However, the research on the methods and modes of heat pricing related to heating metering in our country is lagging behind, which restricts the process of heating system reform. Therefore, to establish a scientific and reasonable heat price and charging model is the most important problem that needs to be solved in the reform of heating metering in our country. This paper analyzes the heating data of 6 residential areas in Tianjin during the heating season from 2013 to 2014. It is concluded that the relative difference of heat consumption per unit heating area of users in different locations of buildings is 26.5g, which can not be ignored without taking into account the room temperature factors. When the heating cost is collected according to the actual heat consumption of the user, appropriate methods should be taken to reduce the influence of the user's position on the heating cost. The calculation model of eQUEST energy consumption is verified by the measured heating data of residential buildings. Then the energy consumption simulation method is used to analyze the influence of the user's position on the heat consumption per unit area under different building energy saving rate and different building layout in northern heating area. It is found that there is a great difference in heat consumption per unit area among users in different locations. The maximum relative difference is 145.6, and the influence of room temperature on the user's heat consumption per unit area and relative heat consumption coefficient is also analyzed. The results show that the change of room temperature has different influence on the user's heat consumption in different locations. Middle users are most affected, followed by bottom users, middle users, top users and top edge users. When the user room temperature increases or decreases at the same time, the room temperature has no significant effect on the relative heat consumption coefficient of users in different locations. Reasonable fixed heat price ratio, user heat consumption location correction coefficient and public heat consumption allocation can reduce the influence of user location on heat consumption and heat cost to a certain extent. The greater the ratio of fixed heat price, the smaller the influence of user location on heat cost, but the more unfavorable to arouse the enthusiasm of energy saving; with the increase of heating days, the relative difference of user correction coefficient decreases gradually. The influence of user location on heat consumption is less and less, and the calculation method of public heat consumption allocation is more complicated and does not reflect the allocation of all common heat consumption. This paper proposes an improved method. Based on the measured data of heat consumption of users in Tianjin, this paper analyzes the effect of two parts of heating price charge mode modified by location on reducing the influence of user location on heat cost, and draws the conclusion that compared with the two heating price charging methods, The difference of heat cost between users in different locations can be effectively reduced by adopting the two parts heating price charging method of position correction, so it is reasonable to adopt the two parts heating price charge mode with position correction.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU111.19

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