单自由面不耦合装药爆破振动试验与应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 20:48

本文选题：单自由面轴向不耦合 + 爆破振动　；参考：《华侨大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：单自由面爆破在实际爆破工程中经常会遇到,并且在同样岩石条件下,单自由面爆破所产生的地震效应是较大的,也是较难控制的。尤其是对近爆心距的建(构)物造成的振动影响不可忽视。对于爆破工作面为单自由面时采用空气间隔轴向不耦合装药结构爆破产生的地震波特性研究甚少,所以该装药结构是否具有明显的减震作用还不明确。针对以上问题,本文提出了在单自由面钻孔爆破条件下采用空气间隔轴向不耦合装药降低爆破地震效应的设想,并以现场爆破试验结合实际工程,运用爆破振动分区概念、精细分析和BP小波方法等研究方法,对在炮孔中采用空气间隔轴向不耦合不同装药结构的爆破地震波特性进行了深入的研究,获得的主要成果如下:1、系统总结单自由面爆破振动的研究现状及所存在的缺点,提出了采用单自由面空气间隔轴向不耦合装药进行减振爆破的若干关键问题。2、根据试验现场条件完成了近爆心距单自由面下不耦合装药结构爆破振动试验方案设计和测试工作。3、运用精细分析等研究方法,对监测数据进行回归、统计等处理,获得了各种装药结构的爆破地震波的幅值特性和时频特性和能量特性。4、将BP小波神经网络模型应用到爆破振动特征参量的预测中,能够考虑爆破振速多个主要影响因素。5、将研究所得规律应用到实际工程中,取得了很好的减震效果。
[Abstract]:Single free surface blasting is often encountered in actual blasting engineering, and under the same rock condition, the seismic effect of single free surface blasting is larger and more difficult to control. In particular, the effect on the vibration caused by the near-explosive center distance can not be ignored. There is little research on the seismic wave characteristics produced by blasting with air-spaced axial uncoupled charge structure when the blasting face is a single free surface, so it is not clear whether the charge structure has obvious damping effect. Aiming at the above problems, this paper puts forward the idea of reducing blasting seismic effect by using air-spaced axial uncoupled charge under the condition of single free surface borehole blasting, and applies the concept of blasting vibration zoning with the combination of field blasting test and practical engineering. Detailed analysis and BP wavelet method are used to study the blasting seismic wave characteristics of different charge structures with air-spaced axial discoupling in the hole. The main results obtained are as follows: 1. The present situation and shortcomings of single free surface blasting vibration are systematically summarized. In this paper, some key problems of vibration absorption blasting with single free surface air spacer axial uncoupling charge are put forward. According to the test site conditions, the blasting vibration test scheme of uncoupled charge structure with near blasting center distance from single free surface is set up. Plan and test work. 3, using fine analysis and other research methods, The amplitude, time-frequency and energy characteristics of blasting seismic wave of various charge structures are obtained by regression and statistics of monitoring data. BP wavelet neural network model is applied to predict the characteristic parameters of blasting vibration. Considering several main influencing factors of blasting vibration velocity. 5, the obtained law is applied to practical engineering, and good shock absorption effect is obtained.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU751.9

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