基于可展开面的高层建筑造型研究

发布时间：2018-06-08 11:43

本文选题：可展开面 + 建筑造型　；参考：《南京大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：高层建筑作为一类特殊的建筑,在历经了一个多世纪的以理性主义为主要美学指导思想的发展之后,传统造型的高层林立已经成为现代都市的普遍现象。对于传统思路的高层建筑造型设计手法主要有两种：几何学方法和符号学思路。因此,许多当代建筑师试图摆脱既有美学思想的束缚,不断探索新的发展道路。可展开面作为所有可能的面中很小的一部分,对其研究甚少,直到17世纪提出了微积分理论,才为其更深层的研究提供了数学基础。90年代初起,计算机的数字建模和图形学技术日渐成熟,计算机在建筑造型方面的作用由单一的辅助性变为辅助与决定双重性质的作用。如今,对于可展开面的应用和几何学上的精确操作已经有很多书籍资料来详细阐述,并在多个领域里都得到了广泛的应用,如船舶制造、服装加工等等,适用于由皮革、纸张、纤维板、金属板等多种面材构成的造型。一些先锋派建筑师,如Hans Hollein, Frank O. Gehry和Santiago Calatrava也已尝试借助可展开面来设计建筑造型。考虑到基于可展开面这种形体构成的发展趋势和施工构造的方便性,本文试图借助rhino、 grasshopper和脚本编程,研究如何基于可展开面来进行高层建筑的造型设计,即以直线来折叠平面、以直线轴来卷曲平面、以直线来卷折平面及挤出平面自由曲线成为平面,如此形成空间立体物及围合出高层建筑形体。所得出来的构型是一种没有细部的形式语言构成、是抽象的建筑形体,为建筑师设计造型提供一种直观的思路和可能性,进而拓展高层建筑造型设计的方法论。论文主要分为以下几章。第一章是绪论部分。主要介绍研究背景、研究目的与意义、研究方法、、研究平台、研究范围和框架。第二章是可展开面相关理论及工程应用。其中第一节从平面、曲面、可展开性的角度介绍了可展开面的相关理论,第二节列举了和分析了折叠成体、以轴卷曲、直线卷折、挤出成体四种常见的可展开面建筑造型案例,第三节以此为基础选定了本研究对于可展开面的研究范围,目的是确定一套由面成体的形态分类方法,为下面具体的设计提供指导基础。第三章、第四章是论述主体。第三章讨论以可展开面生成形体的具体方法,并由数种常见的平面图形分别进行形体生成；第四章在前者已有形体的基础上,研究如何在不改变可展开面特性的前提下而再细分表皮,以得到更多的造型可能；第五章是结语部分。对本文所做研究工作进行了总结,对由可展开面构成建筑形体这种造型方式的未来进行了展望并列举了研究存在的不足。
[Abstract]:As a special kind of architecture, high-rise buildings have become a common phenomenon in modern cities after more than a century's development of rationalism as the main aesthetic guiding ideology. There are two ways to design tall buildings: geometry and semiotics. Therefore, many contemporary architects try to get rid of the shackles of the existing aesthetic thoughts and constantly explore new ways of development. As a small part of all possible surfaces, expandable surfaces were rarely studied until the theory of calculus was put forward in the 17th century, which provided a mathematical basis for its deeper research since the early 1990s. The technology of digital modeling and graphics of computer is maturing day by day. The function of computer in architectural modeling has changed from a single assistant to a dual function of assistant and decision. Today, there are many books on the application of expandable surfaces and precise geometric manipulation, and they have been widely used in many fields, such as shipbuilding, garment processing, etc., suitable for leather, paper, etc. Fibreboard, metal board and other surface materials constitute the shape. Some avant-garde architects, such as Hans Hollein, Frank O. Gehry and Santiago Calatrava, have also tried to shape buildings with expandable surfaces. Considering the development trend of the structure based on expandable surface and the convenience of construction, this paper attempts to study how to design high-rise building based on expandable surface by means of rhino, grasshopper and script programming, that is, folding plane with straight line. The curved plane is curled by a straight line axis, and the free curve of the plane and extrusion plane is formed by a straight line. The resulting configuration is a kind of formal language without detail and an abstract architectural form, which provides an intuitive way of thinking and possibility for the architect to design the modeling, and then extends the methodology of the modeling design of high-rise buildings. The paper is divided into the following chapters. The first chapter is the introduction. This paper mainly introduces the research background, purpose and significance, research methods, research platform, research scope and framework. The second chapter is the theory and engineering application of expandable surface. The first section introduces the theory of expandable surface from the angle of plane, curved surface and expandability. In the third section, the research scope of the expandable surface is selected. The purpose of this study is to determine a set of morphologic classification methods for adult faces, and to provide the basis for the following design. The third chapter, the fourth chapter discusses the subject. The third chapter discusses the concrete method of generating the shape by expandable surface, and it is generated by several kinds of common plane figure, the fourth chapter is based on the existing shape of the former. This paper studies how to subdivide the skin without changing the characteristics of the expandable surface in order to obtain more modeling possibilities. The fifth chapter is the conclusion part. This paper summarizes the research work in this paper, looks forward to the future of the modeling method of building shape which is composed of expandable surfaces and enumerates the shortcomings of the research.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU972

【参考文献】