天津办公建筑节能措施的经济效益分析

发布时间：2018-06-12 16:57

本文选题：办公建筑 + 节能措施　；参考：《天津大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国建筑用能已经超过全国能源消费总量的27.5%,而且建筑能耗比例仍将随建设总量的加速增长而提高。围护结构和空调系统是影响建筑能耗的主要方面,本文依据即将颁布的天津市公共建筑节能设计标准,以eQUEST能耗模拟软件为研究工具,对一系列节能措施的经济效益进行分析,以此研究了各节能措施的节能潜力大小,本文还对各节能措施作了敏感性分析,并对敏感性大小进行了排序。这些节能措施包括：降低外墙和屋面的传热系数、使用节能型玻璃和窗框型材、加强外窗保温构造、加设外遮阳、使用节能型玻璃幕墙、提高机组性能系数、采用适宜机组运行台数方案、采用大温差小流量系统、使用变频水泵、加设排风热回收装置以及提高水泵和风机效率。研究表明：在考虑降低建筑能耗时应同时考虑所带来的经济效益,不能为追求低能耗而忽略其所带来的初投资。对于本文外墙和屋面负荷占到围护结构负荷将近30%的办公建筑而言,使全生命周期费用最少的外墙岩棉保温板厚度为90～110mm,屋面挤塑保温板厚度为110～130mm,而若要达到经济保温厚度,与做保温之前,单位外墙、屋面面积可以节省的电能分别为25.89kWh、37.90kWh。双层Low-e中空玻璃节能潜力较大,与普通双层中空玻璃相比,每平方米外窗面积可以节省29.63kWh电能；与普通单层玻璃相比,每平方米外窗面积可以节省58.86kWh电能,而且2～3年就可以回收,应用前景很好。机组运行台数应适宜,对于本文295kW的制冷负荷来说,以3台最佳,且应按“两大带一小”负荷分配方案配置。采用变频水泵和排风热回收装置可以降低机组运行时的负荷,每年可节约近万度电,普通水泵变频器2-3年就可以回收,排风热回收装置回收期也不超过4年。水泵、风机效率的提高可以在一定区间内获得较好的经济效益,本文中水泵能耗占空调能耗20%左右时,水泵效率在70%为宜,风机效率则以70-80%为宜。机组的运行台数方案和使用节能型外窗玻璃当投入相同比例的资金时,获得的经济效益会比其它节能措施更多。外墙、屋面保温和加设活动外遮阳虽然节能潜力没有采用较好的设备运行策略和加强外窗热工性能大,但其初投入回收期不长,寿命周期内经济效益良好。
[Abstract]:The building energy consumption in China has exceeded the total energy consumption of the whole country by 27.5%, and the proportion of building energy consumption will still increase with the acceleration of the total construction amount. The envelope structure and air conditioning system are the main aspects that affect the building energy consumption. According to the design standard of energy conservation of public buildings in Tianjin, this paper analyzes the economic benefits of a series of energy-saving measures by using eQUEST energy consumption simulation software as the research tool. In this paper, the potential of each energy-saving measure is studied, and the sensitivity of each energy-saving measure is analyzed, and the order of the sensitivity is given. These energy-saving measures include: reducing the heat transfer coefficient of external walls and roofs, using energy-efficient glass and window frame profiles, strengthening the insulation structure of outer windows, adding external shading, using energy-efficient glass curtain walls, and improving the performance coefficient of the units. It adopts the suitable operation table scheme, adopts the large temperature difference small flow system, uses the frequency conversion water pump, adds the exhaust air heat recovery device, and improves the efficiency of the pump and the fan. The results show that the economic benefits should be taken into account when reducing building energy consumption, and the initial investment should not be ignored in order to pursue low energy consumption. For the office buildings with external walls and roof loads accounting for nearly 30% of the enclosing structure load, The thickness of the outer wall rock wool insulation board with the lowest life cycle cost is 90 ~ 110mm and the thickness of the roof extruded insulation board is 110 ~ 130mm. In order to achieve the economic insulation thickness, the electric energy saved on the external wall per unit roof area is 25.89 kWh-37.90 kWh. if the thermal insulation is to be achieved. Compared with ordinary double-layer hollow glass, double-layer Low-e hollow glass can save 29.63 kWh electric energy per square meter window area and 58.86 kWh energy per square meter window area compared with ordinary single-layer glass, compared with common double-layer hollow glass, double-layer hollow glass can save 29.63 kWh electric energy per square meter of outer window area. Moreover 2 ~ 3 years can be recycled, the application prospect is very good. For the 295kW refrigeration load of this paper, 3 units should be the best, and should be allocated according to the "two big belt and one small" load distribution scheme. Adopting frequency conversion pump and exhaust heat recovery device can reduce the load of unit operation, save nearly ten thousand degrees of electricity every year, can be recovered by ordinary pump inverter in 2-3 years, and the recovery period of exhaust heat recovery device is not more than 4 years. In this paper, when the energy consumption of water pump is about 20% of air conditioning energy consumption, the pump efficiency is 70%, and the fan efficiency is 70-80%. When the same proportion of capital is invested in the operation of the unit and the energy saving window glass is used, the economic benefit will be more than that of other energy-saving measures. Although the energy saving potential of external wall, roof heat preservation and active sun shading is not good, but the initial payback period is not long, and the economic benefit is good in the life cycle, the thermal performance of the external wall and roof is not improved by adopting better equipment operation strategy and strengthening the thermal performance of the outer window.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU201.5

【相似文献】