大跨度钢桁架结构设计与优化研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 03:26

本文选题：大跨度 + 钢桁架　；参考：《河北工程大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文从大跨度钢桁架结构出发，通过运用PKPM软件的STS模块并且结合相关规范和设计经验对其进行建模、分析和优化。本文从实际案例出发，首先对屋架的选型和支撑体系进行设计，运用软件对一榀钢桁架进行建模，分析和节点验算。然后提出了四个优化方案：缩短下弦节间长度、在经验限值范围内增大和减小屋架的端部高度和跨度的比值、将屋架杆件变为方钢管，再次运用软件建模与分析，通过前后对比得出了以下结论：（1）下弦节间长度从6m变为5m，节点荷载有所减小，但是并没有有效的减小杆件截面的尺寸，反而使结构内力有所增大，结构的竖向位移也加大，，总的用钢量也增大。从施工上来说，杆件数量和节点增多，施工不便。（2）增大端部高度，会提高结构竖向刚度，但是杆件截面比原始设计的截面略有增大，结构内力大，总用钢量大。从施工上来说，端部高度增大势必会增大结构部分杆件的尺寸，从杆件的制作、运输还是安装都会带来不便。（3）减小端部高度，结构竖向刚度减小，内力增大，杆件截面尺寸和原始设计大致一样，但是结构端斜杆和连接垂直支撑的竖腹杆的截面能有效的减小，用钢量大幅度的减少。同时减小端部高度也会使结构部分杆件尺寸有所减小，方便施工。由此可见减小端部高度对于传统的杆件采用双角钢组合形式的钢屋架是一个切实可行的优化方案。（4）方钢管桁架无论从受力、施工、还是用钢量都占有明显的优势。
[Abstract]:Based on the large-span steel truss structure, this paper models, analyzes and optimizes the structure by using STS module of PKPM software and combining relevant specifications and design experience. In this paper, starting from the actual cases, the selection of roof truss and supporting system are designed, and a steel truss is modeled, analyzed and checked by software. Then four optimization schemes are proposed: shortening the length of the lower chord Internode, increasing and reducing the ratio of the end height and span of the roof truss within the range of the empirical limit, changing the truss member into a square steel tube, and using software to model and analyze again. The conclusions are as follows: (1) when the length of the lower chord is changed from 6 m to 5 m, the load of the joint decreases, but the size of the section of the member is not effectively reduced, but the internal force of the structure is increased. The vertical displacement of the structure is also increased, and the total amount of steel used is also increased. In construction, the number of members and joints increase, and the construction is inconvenient. Increasing the height of the end part will increase the vertical stiffness of the structure, but the cross section of the member is slightly larger than the original design, the internal force of the structure is large, and the total amount of steel used is large. From the construction point of view, the increase of the end height will inevitably increase the size of the members of the structure, and it will be inconvenient to make, transport or install the members. 3) reduce the height of the end, reduce the vertical stiffness of the structure, and increase the internal force. The cross section size of the member is approximately the same as the original design, but the cross section of the end inclined bar and the vertical web rod connected to the vertical support can be reduced effectively, and the amount of steel used is greatly reduced. At the same time, reducing the height of the end part of the structure will also reduce the size of the bar, easy construction. It can be seen that reducing the end height is a feasible and feasible optimization scheme for the traditional steel truss with double angle steel combination. The square steel pipe truss has obvious advantages both in force construction and steel consumption.
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU393.3

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