利用FDS对地下车库火灾场景的模拟研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 12:09

本文选题：地下车库 + 火灾　；参考：《西华大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会的发展，城市轿车保有量持续增加，停车难已经成为一个社会问题。为此，地下车库已成为越来越重要的公共设施。由于地下车库空间受限，进出口不多，自然通风条件差，火灾一旦发生，人员及财产损失巨大。因此研究火灾的发展规律以及消防措施对火灾的影响效果意义重大。本文利用FDS建立了一个大型车库的三维简化模型。研究了没有排烟、有排烟，，排烟+水喷淋等三种条件下的火灾场景。主要分析不同场景下烟气发展规律，温度、气体浓度、能见度等火灾参数的变化规律。在此基础上考察排烟设施和喷淋设施的控制效果，所有数值计算在西华大学先进计算中心完成。研究结果表明：排烟系统可以直接排出室内高温有毒气体，降低烟气浓度，有效改善能见度。自动喷淋能够明显的降低室内火场温度，提高烟气层高度，而且与机械排烟系统共同作用时，对火灾的控制效果更好，有利于人员的疏散和消防扑救工作。该研究可为防火设计和消防评估提供参考，对减少火灾对人类造成的危害具有重大意义。
[Abstract]:With the development of society, the number of urban cars keeps increasing, and parking difficulty has become a social problem. To this end, underground garage has become more and more important public facilities. Because the underground garage space is limited, the entrance and outlet is not much, the natural ventilation condition is poor, once the fire occurs, the loss of personnel and property is huge. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the development law of fire and the effect of fire prevention measures. In this paper, FDS is used to establish a three-dimensional simplified model of a large garage. The fire scene under three conditions of no exhaust smoke and exhaust water spray was studied. The variation of fire parameters, such as smoke development, temperature, gas concentration, visibility and so on, is analyzed in different scenarios. On this basis, the control effects of smoke exhaust facilities and sprinkler facilities were investigated. All numerical calculations were performed at the Advanced Computing Center of Xihua University. The results show that the smoke exhaust system can directly discharge the indoor high temperature toxic gas, reduce the smoke concentration, and improve the visibility effectively. Automatic spraying can obviously reduce the indoor fire temperature, improve the height of smoke layer, and when combined with the mechanical smoke exhaust system, the fire control effect is better, which is conducive to the evacuation of personnel and fire fighting work. This study can provide a reference for fire prevention design and fire assessment, and is of great significance to reduce the harm caused by fire to human beings.
【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU926;TU998.1

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