一种基于物联网的社区居家智能守望系统

发布时间：2018-06-27 13:50

本文选题：物联网 + Zigbee　；参考：《哈尔滨工程大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国人口老年化的加剧以及计划生育政策的实行,使得我国出现了大量空巢家庭,且老年人在空巢家庭中占较大比重。在无人看护的情况下,空巢家庭中的老人由于年老体弱多病、健忘等,常常无法及时的反应和应对一些威胁生命安全的隐患,如日常生活中的跌倒、久病缠身卧床不起、厨房失火和煤气泄漏等情况,会对空巢老人健康安全造成相应的伤害,特别是当伤害发生后未能及时发现和救助,往往会酿成更严重的后果。除了家中有人看护外,当发生像跌倒、长期卧床等状况后,能够及时发现并给予帮助便可以避免更严重的后果发生。因此本文设计的目的是以物联网相关技术为基础,研究设计一个居家智能守望系统,实现对老年人的守望功能,从而缓解家庭子女和社会的负担。对于本社区居家智能守望系统的设计实现过程,本文首先在我国人口老龄化和家庭空巢化的分析背景下,以及老人在家易发生危险后无人及时发现,得出了社区居家智能守望系统的设计意义。并分析研究了有关老年人智能监护方面的国内外现状。其次介绍了智能守望系统的整体设计架构,采用分类架构,主要分为三部分:检测部分、集中控制部分和监管部分,并对三部分所要完成的功能进行了说明。以物联网相关技术中的传感器技术、Zigbee无线传感器网路技术、GSM网路技术、微控制器技术等为基础来实现系统中硬件电路的设计,共设计完成了无线跌倒检测模块、无线液化气体检测模块、无线火灾检测模块、热释电无线探测模块和集中控制模块。并对检测部分中的跌倒检测模块所用到的跌倒检测算法进行了设计,本文通过分析老人的日常行为活动和跌倒动作,结合得到的数据曲线的分析提出了新的跌倒检测算法,得到了实验结果的验证。最后通过系统的软件设计,组建了 Zigbee网路,并对该网络进行编号后将各个模块加入到此网络中,各模块在检测到可疑数据信息时发出报警铃声并将信息无线传输出去,完成设备与设备间、设备与人间的信息传输。在系统的软硬件整体设计完成后,模拟了跌倒、规定时间内未活动、温度过高等状况,模块检测出了异常状况并进行了警报,在无解除后将信息通过内部网络传输到了集中控制模块上并在液晶屏上显示,并通过GSM短信息向监管人发送求助信息。测试了系统的实用性,并给出了系统的后续扩展概述。
[Abstract]:With the aggravation of population aging and the implementation of family planning policy in China, a large number of empty nest families have emerged, and the elderly account for a large proportion of empty nest families. Under the condition of unattended care, the old people in empty nest families are often unable to respond to and deal with some hidden dangers that threaten their lives, such as falling down in daily life, bedridden with long illness, because of their old age, weak body, and amnesia, etc. The kitchen fire and gas leakage will cause corresponding harm to the health and safety of the empty nest old people, especially when the injury does not find and rescue in time, which will often lead to more serious consequences. In addition to being cared for at home, more serious consequences can be avoided when conditions such as falls and prolonged bed-rest can be detected and helped in time. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study and design a home intelligent watchkeeping system based on Internet of things (IOT) technology, which can realize the function of keeping watch on the elderly, so as to ease the burden of family children and society. For the design and realization process of the intelligent watch system in this community, this paper first analyzes the background of aging population and empty nesting of the family in our country, and the old people are vulnerable to danger at home and no one finds them in time. The design significance of community home intelligent watch system is obtained. The present situation of intelligence monitoring for the elderly is analyzed and studied. Secondly, the whole design framework of intelligent watch system is introduced, which is divided into three parts: detection part, centralized control part and supervision part, and the functions of the three parts are explained. The hardware circuit of the system is designed based on the sensor technology of the Internet of things, such as Zigbee wireless sensor network technology, GSM network technology, microcontroller technology and so on, and the wireless fall detection module is designed and completed. Wireless liquefied gas detection module, wireless fire detection module, pyroelectric wireless detection module and centralized control module. The fall detection algorithm used in the fall detection module is designed. A new fall detection algorithm is proposed by analyzing the daily behavior and the fall action of the elderly and combining the analysis of the obtained data curve. The experimental results are verified. Finally, through the software design of the system, the Zigbee network is set up, and each module is added to the network after numbering the network. Each module sends out an alarm ring when detecting the suspicious data information and transmits the information wirelessly. Complete the information transmission between equipment and equipment, between equipment and human. After the overall design of the software and hardware of the system is completed, the fall is simulated, the specified time is inactive, the temperature is too high, and the module detects the abnormal condition and carries on the alarm. The information is transmitted through the internal network to the centralized control module and displayed on the LCD screen, and the help message is sent to the supervisor through GSM short message. The practicability of the system is tested, and an overview of the subsequent expansion of the system is given.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP391.44;TN929.5;TU855

【参考文献】