利用秸秆资源开发农村建筑墙体材料制品的研究

发布时间：2018-07-07 21:11

本文选题：秸秆 + 氯氧镁水泥　；参考：《兰州理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国农村房屋建筑材料中约70%是墙体材料,仍以黏土砖占据主导地位,生产黏土砖不仅耗费耕地资源,污染环境,而且其砌筑的墙体保温隔热性能差,耗能高。因此,研发适合我国农村建筑用新型建筑墙体材料是当务之急。秸秆作为天然材料,是农业生产过程中的副产品之一,我国有丰富的秸秆资源,常作为农业垃圾焚烧,利用率仅占5%左右。其有轻质保温的优点,但易燃烧。氯氧镁水泥是一种无机胶凝材料,其主要组成成分氧化镁和氯化镁在我国储量巨多。氯氧镁水泥具有良好的抗压强度、抗折强度、耐火性和粘接性,但其耐水性差、易返卤泛白、易变形。氯氧镁秸秆墙材以氯氧镁水泥为胶凝材料,秸秆为骨架材料和纤维增强材料,添加特定的改性外加剂,融合两种材料的优点,避单一材料之缺点,是待研发的一种新型环保节能材料。本研究课题从氯氧镁秸秆墙材的容重、强度、导热系数等主要控制参数出发,先通过大量试验试配出秸秆墙材的配合比。在试配配合比下,测定秸秆墙材的力学性能和热学性能,再由材料的主控目标性能调整配合比,经过反复试配,最终得到最优配合比。实验发现氯氧镁秸秆墙材不仅具有容重低、强度高、导热系数小等一系列传统烧结砌体不具有的优点,而且抗折强度高,具有一定的柔性。同时由于难燃的氯氧镁水泥对秸秆包裹保护作用,秸秆墙材的燃烧等级也较高,属难燃材料。正是由于上述优点,农村秸秆墙材可作为一种新型保温节能建筑墙材,是传统粘土砖的优良替代品。最后,对本文将氯氧镁秸秆墙材墙体与现行保温墙体进行比较,说明秸秆墙体不仅能消除火灾隐患,而且秸秆墙体能和主体结构同寿命,进一步说明其在农村推广的可行性和价值。
[Abstract]:About 70% of the building materials of rural houses in our country are wall materials, which are still dominated by clay bricks. The production of clay bricks not only consumes cultivated land resources and pollutes the environment, but also has poor thermal insulation and high energy consumption. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new building wall materials suitable for rural buildings in China. Straw, as a natural material, is one of the by-products in the process of agricultural production. There are abundant straw resources in China, which are often incinerated as agricultural garbage, and the utilization ratio is only about 5%. It has the advantage of light heat preservation, but easy to burn. Magnesium oxychloride cement is a kind of inorganic cementitious material. Its main components, magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride, have huge reserves in China. Magnesium oxychloride cement has good compressive strength, flexural strength, fire resistance and adhesion, but its water resistance is poor, easy to return to halogen white, easy to deform. Magnesium oxychloride straw wall is made of magnesium oxychloride cement as cementitious material, straw as skeleton material and fiber reinforced material, adding special modified admixture, which combines the advantages of the two materials and avoids the disadvantages of single material. Is a new type of environmental protection and energy-saving materials to be developed. Based on the main control parameters such as bulk density, strength and thermal conductivity of magnesium oxychloride straw wall material, the mixture ratio of straw wall material is obtained through a large number of experiments. The mechanical and thermal properties of straw wall materials were measured under the trial mix ratio, then the mixture ratio was adjusted by the main control target performance of the material, and the optimal mixture ratio was finally obtained after repeated trial and distribution. It is found that magnesium oxychloride straw wall not only has a series of advantages, such as low bulk density, high strength, low thermal conductivity and so on, but also has high flexural strength and flexibility. At the same time, because of the protective effect of refractory magnesium oxychloride cement on straw, the burning grade of straw wall is also higher, which belongs to refractory material. Because of the above advantages, the rural straw wall material can be used as a new type of insulation and energy saving building wall material, and it is an excellent substitute for traditional clay brick. Finally, the paper compares the wall material of magnesium oxychloride straw with the existing insulation wall, and shows that the straw wall can not only eliminate the hidden danger of fire, but also have the same life as the main body structure. Further explain its feasibility and value in rural extension.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：S38;TU522

【参考文献】