钢筋混凝土结构在车辆撞击作用下的性能研究

发布时间：2018-07-17 20:42

【摘要】：钢筋混凝土框架结构具有传统的空间布局和承载方式,目前被广泛应用于建筑结构的承重体系中。框架柱作为框架结构的主要受力构件,在役期间可能会遭到意外的冲击。汽车的撞击是一种常见的冲击荷载,研究钢筋混凝土结构在汽车撞击作用下的性能具有重要的意义。基于此,本文运用显式动力分析软件LS-DYNA首先建立了汽车-钢筋混凝土柱的有限元模型,并验证了模型的有效性,然后对以下问题进行了研究:(1)采用参数化分析方法研究了汽车撞击速度、撞击角度、混凝土轴心抗压强度、柱截面惯性矩以及配箍率等参数对汽车碰撞力和钢筋混凝土柱在汽车撞击作用下的动力响应的影响;(2)研究了不同车型撞击作用下钢筋混凝土柱的破坏模式,分析了钢筋混凝土柱耐撞性差的主要原因,提出了两种提高钢筋混凝土柱耐撞性能的措施,并对该措施的有效性加以验证;(3)采用多尺度建模的方法,建立了钢筋混凝土框架结构的整体有限元模型,对框架结构在底层柱遭到车辆撞击作用后的倒塌进行分析。研究的结果表明:钢筋混凝土柱的位移响应会随着汽车撞击角度的增大而增大;提高柱子截面惯性矩和混凝土轴心抗压强度均能显著降低柱子的位移响应,而适当提高柱子配箍率的效果却不明显;汽车碰撞力受车速、撞击角度、汽车吨位以及柱截面惯性矩的影响,其中,柱截面惯性矩对汽车碰撞力的影响最为显著;我国规范对汽车碰撞力的取值略显不足;不同车型撞击作用下钢筋混凝土柱的破坏模式不同,混凝土的剥落是导致钢筋混凝土柱耐撞性差的主要原因;钢筋混凝土框架结构在底层角柱遭到车辆撞击作用后会发生局部性倒塌。
[Abstract]:Reinforced concrete frame structure is widely used in load-bearing system because of its traditional spatial layout and bearing mode. As the main force member of frame structure, frame column may be accidentally impacted during service. Automobile impact is a common impact load. It is of great significance to study the performance of reinforced concrete structure under automobile impact. Based on this, an explicit dynamic analysis software LS-DYNA is used to establish the finite element model of the automobile reinforced concrete column, and the validity of the model is verified. Then the following problems are studied: (1) the impact velocity, impact angle and compressive strength of concrete axis are studied by parameterized analysis method. The influence of parameters such as moment of inertia and hoop ratio on the dynamic response of reinforced concrete columns under automobile impact is studied. (2) the failure modes of reinforced concrete columns under different impact modes are studied. The main reasons for the poor crashworthiness of reinforced concrete columns are analyzed. Two measures to improve the crashworthiness of reinforced concrete columns are put forward, and the effectiveness of the measures is verified. (3) the multi-scale modeling method is used. The integral finite element model of reinforced concrete frame structure is established, and the collapse of frame structure after the bottom column is hit by vehicle is analyzed. The results show that the displacement response of reinforced concrete columns will increase with the increase of the impact angle of the automobile, and the displacement response of the columns can be significantly reduced by increasing the moment of inertia of the column section and the compressive strength of the concrete axis. However, the effect of properly increasing the ratio of column hoop is not obvious. The impact force is affected by vehicle speed, impact angle, vehicle tonnage and the moment of inertia of column section, among which the impact force of column section is the most significant. The failure modes of reinforced concrete columns under different impact models are different and the spalling of concrete is the main reason for the poor crashworthiness of reinforced concrete columns. The reinforced concrete frame structure will collapse locally after the bottom corner column is impacted by the vehicle.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU375

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