基于水质保障的供水系统智能优化技术研究

发布时间：2018-07-24 13:00

【摘要】：饮用水水质安全关系到国计民生和社会稳定，伴随着社会经济的迅猛发展，水源水及管网水的水质问题日益突出，输配水管线老化、腐蚀现象严重，管网二次污染问题不容乐观，且多数城市的供水系统尚未建立统一的管网监控、调度管理和管网水质保障技术平台。因此，以有效保障供水系统的水质安全性和供水可靠性为目标，对从原水调配到供水管网的仿真建模再到供水系统调度运行等一系列的优化技术展开研究，寻求基于水质保障的供水系统运行、调控、管理方案，为饮用水安全保障提供技术支持，具有非常重要的意义。本文首先从水资源优化配置角度出发，针对目前研究过程中，多注重对水量的调配及调配过程中的经济效益，而忽略了原水水质对水厂处理工艺及管网水质的影响等问题，以黄河中上游地区水质状况较差的水源井输配系统为研究对象，研究黄河干流两侧引黄地区浅层地下水的水质特征，采用傅里叶变换与人工神经网络相结合方法建立入厂处—水源井特征污染物耦合模型；并在此基础上，构建基于特征污染物控制的原水优化调配模型，采用自适应并行遗传算法予以求解，并研发了相应的应用程序和软件；将所研发的技术应用于黄河中上游地区Z市水源地，验证了所研发的优化调配模型的有效性和实用性。针对供水管网微观仿真模型精度较低、应用范围受限等问题，对开放式区域供水管网的动态仿真建模技术进行研究，从研发精度较高的管网参数测试装置、对区域供水管网的边界流量进行自适应优化调整等技术方法入手，提高所构建的仿真模型的精度；在此基础上，本文提出了管网典型水质指标的模拟分析技术，实现了基于微观模型的余氯模拟以及基于神经网络的浊度、铁等指标的模拟计算；将所研发的《城市供水安全保障平台》在我国大中型城市J市开放式区域供水管网进行应用与实践，验证了所构建的仿真模型的精度和水质模拟结果的准确性。在供水系统的优化调度方面，，当前研究大多忽略了不同水源的切换对管网水质的影响。针对此问题，本文以黄河中下游地区多水源切换供水城市为研究对象，对“黄水”成因进行分析，通过对以黄河水、山区水库水为水源的出厂水进行混合调配实验，对“黄水”的应对措施进行探讨；在建立以余氯、铁等作为控制指标的多组分水质目标函数的基础上，构建两级优化调度模型，并采用多目标进化算法NSGA-Ⅱ予以求解，进而研发了《城市供水优化运行系统》；将所研发的技术应用于J市多水源混合供水区域，通过优化调配计算，在保障供水可靠性和经济性的同时，加强了研究区域管网的水质化学稳定性，降低了“黄水”发生的几率。本文以保障供水系统的水质安全性、供水可靠性和供水经济性为目标，通过将自适应并行遗传算法、人工神经网络、多目标进化算法NSGA-Ⅱ等现代智能优化方法应用于基于特征污染物控制的原水优化调配、开放式区域供水管网仿真建模与水质模拟以及多水源切换条件下的供水系统优化运行管理等方面的研究，建立从水源到管网的水质安全保障平台，为城市供水系统的科学化、合理化运行管理提供了有力的技术支持。
[Abstract]:The water quality safety of drinking water is related to the national economy and the people's livelihood and social stability. With the rapid development of the social economy, the water quality problem of water source water and pipe network is becoming more and more prominent, the distribution pipe line is aging, the corrosion phenomenon is serious, the two pollution problems of the pipe network are not optimistic, and the water supply system in most cities has not established the unified network monitoring and management. In order to effectively guarantee the water quality safety and water supply reliability of the water supply system, a series of optimization techniques, such as the simulation modeling from the original water distribution to the water supply network and the dispatching and operation of the water supply system, are carried out to seek the operation, control and management scheme of water supply system based on water quality guarantee. It is of great significance to provide technical support for drinking water safety protection.
From the angle of optimal allocation of water resources, this paper, in view of the current research process, pays more attention to the economic benefits during the adjustment and allocation of water, but neglects the effect of the water quality on the processing technology and the water quality of the pipe network, and takes the water source well distribution system of the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River as the research object. The water quality characteristics of shallow groundwater in the Yellow River diversion area on both sides of the the Yellow River main stream are studied. The coupling model of the characteristic pollutants of the water source well is established by combining the Fourier transform and artificial neural network. On this basis, the optimization and allocation model of the raw water based on the characteristic pollutant control is constructed, and the adaptive parallel genetic algorithm is adopted. The application program and software are developed and applied to the water source of Z city in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River. The validity and practicability of the developed optimization and deployment model are verified.
In view of the low precision of the micro simulation model of the water supply network and the limited application scope, the dynamic simulation modeling technology of the open regional water supply network is studied. The technical method of adaptive optimization and adjustment of the boundary flow of the regional water supply pipe network is carried out from the high precision pipe network parameter testing device, and the construction is improved. On the basis of this, the simulation and analysis technology of typical water quality indexes of the pipe network is proposed. The simulation of residual chlorine based on micro model and the simulation calculation of turbidity and iron based on neural network are realized, and the developed "urban water supply security platform" is used in the open area of J city in China's large and medium cities. The application and practice of the water supply network verify the accuracy of the simulation model and the accuracy of the water quality simulation results.
In the field of optimal dispatching of water supply system, most of the current studies have neglected the influence of the switching of different water sources on the water quality of the pipe network. In this paper, this paper takes the multi water supply city in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River as the research object, analyzes the cause of the "yellow water", and carries out the water from the the Yellow River water and the mountain reservoir water as the water source. On the basis of establishing the multi-component water quality target function with residual chlorine and iron as the control index, the two level optimal scheduling model is built, and the multi-objective evolutionary algorithm NSGA- II is used to solve it, and then the urban water supply optimization operation system is developed, and the research and development is developed. The technology is applied to the multi water mixed water supply area in J city. Through optimization and allocation calculation, the water quality chemical stability of the research area pipe network is strengthened and the probability of "yellow water" is reduced while the reliability and economy of water supply are ensured.
In order to guarantee water quality safety, water supply reliability and water supply economy, this paper applies adaptive parallel genetic algorithm, artificial neural network, multi-objective evolutionary algorithm NSGA- II and other modern intelligent optimization methods to optimize and allocate raw water based on characteristic pollutant control and simulation modeling of open regional water supply network. With the water quality simulation and the research on the optimal operation and management of water supply system under the condition of multi water source switching, the water quality safety guarantee platform from water source to pipe network is set up, which provides a powerful technical support for the scientific and rational operation and management of the urban water supply system.
【学位授予单位】：青岛理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU991

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