基于工况传递路径分析的挖掘机座椅振动研究
发布时间：2018-08-06 14:47
【摘要】：随着挖掘机行业的迅速发展以及社会环保意识的不断增强,国标等法律法规对挖掘机振动噪声限值要求越来越严格,用户对挖掘机的NVH性能要求不断提高。挖掘机座椅振动作为挖掘机NVH性能的主要组成部分,是直接影响驾驶员操作安全、工作效率和身心健康的重要因素之一。为了更好的控制挖掘机座椅振动,提升产品的NVH性能,增强我国挖掘机行业的竞争力,研究挖掘机座椅振动的传递路径及各路径的振动贡献,对挖掘机座椅振动控制具有重要意义。 本文基于项目“XX型号挖掘机振动噪声控制研究”,结合挖掘机减振降噪这一工程背景,开展挖掘机发动机振动到驾驶室座椅振动工况传递路径分析的课题研究。主要计算发动机四个安装位置到驾驶室座椅振动传递路径的工况传递路径分析模型,通过研究各路径对座椅的振动贡献、各路径传递率函数以及模型输入,来分析该挖掘机座椅振动中存在的问题,并得出相应的分析结论。 首先针对工况传递路径分析方法应用在挖掘机座椅振动研究中存在的问题,提出具体的改进方法,并总结改进后的工况传递路径分析方法在应用过程中的实施方案。然后结合本文的研究课题,设计挖掘机发动机振动到座椅振动的工况传递路径分析模型及对应的试验设计。最后利用试验数据对模型进行求解,并利用模型计算结果对发动机到座椅的振动传递进行研究。 采用频谱分析找出挖掘机座椅振动信号中峰值频率,计算各路径对座椅振动传递的振动贡献,依据在峰值频率处各路径的振动贡献矢量图以及有效振动贡献,分析影响座椅振动贡献较大的路径,结合模型输入与模型传递特性研究降低座椅振动的改进方法。 本文研究了挖掘机在最低转速、额定转速、最高转速三个工况下发动机到座犄的振动传递,研究结果表明：座椅振动在发动机发火频率处的幅值最大,此频率处的振动贡献大主要是发动机左前、右前减振后的振动较大引起的,因此应通过提高发动机左前、右前减振在发火频段的减振性能来改善座椅振动性能。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of excavator industry and the increasing awareness of social environmental protection, the national standard and other laws and regulations are more and more strict on the limit of vibration and noise of excavator, and the requirement of NVH performance of excavator is constantly improved. As the main component of excavator's NVH performance, excavator seat vibration is one of the important factors that directly affect driver's operation safety, working efficiency and physical and mental health. In order to better control the vibration of excavator seat, improve the NVH performance of the product and enhance the competitiveness of the excavator industry in China, the transmission path of the excavator seat vibration and the vibration contribution of each path are studied. It is of great significance for the vibration control of excavator seat. Based on the project "Research on Vibration and noise Control of XX Type excavator" and the engineering background of reducing vibration and noise of excavator, this paper studies the path analysis of vibration transfer from excavator engine vibration to cab seat vibration. This paper mainly calculates the operating mode transfer path analysis model from four engine installation positions to the cab seat vibration transfer path. By studying the contribution of each path to the seat vibration, the transfer rate function of each path and the input of the model are studied. The problems existing in the vibration of the excavator seat are analyzed, and the corresponding conclusions are obtained. Firstly, aiming at the problems existing in the research on the vibration of excavator seat, the concrete improvement method is put forward, and the implementation scheme of the improved method in the application process is summarized. Then, combined with the research topic of this paper, an analysis model of working mode transfer path and corresponding experimental design of excavator engine vibration to seat vibration are designed. Finally, the model is solved by experimental data, and the vibration transfer from engine to seat is studied by using the result of model calculation. The peak frequency of excavator seat vibration signal is found by spectrum analysis, and the vibration contribution of each path to seat vibration transmission is calculated. According to the vibration contribution vector diagram of each path at the peak frequency and the effective vibration contribution, This paper analyzes the path that affects the seat vibration greatly, and studies the improved method of reducing the seat vibration by combining the model input and the model transfer characteristics. In this paper, the vibration transfer from the engine to the seat is studied under three working conditions: the lowest speed, the rated speed and the highest speed. The results show that the vibration of the seat is the largest at the engine ignition frequency. The vibration contribution at this frequency is mainly caused by the large vibration of the engine after the left front and the right front damping. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the seat vibration performance by improving the damping performance of the engine left front and right front damping in the ignition frequency range.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU621
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of excavator industry and the increasing awareness of social environmental protection, the national standard and other laws and regulations are more and more strict on the limit of vibration and noise of excavator, and the requirement of NVH performance of excavator is constantly improved. As the main component of excavator's NVH performance, excavator seat vibration is one of the important factors that directly affect driver's operation safety, working efficiency and physical and mental health. In order to better control the vibration of excavator seat, improve the NVH performance of the product and enhance the competitiveness of the excavator industry in China, the transmission path of the excavator seat vibration and the vibration contribution of each path are studied. It is of great significance for the vibration control of excavator seat. Based on the project "Research on Vibration and noise Control of XX Type excavator" and the engineering background of reducing vibration and noise of excavator, this paper studies the path analysis of vibration transfer from excavator engine vibration to cab seat vibration. This paper mainly calculates the operating mode transfer path analysis model from four engine installation positions to the cab seat vibration transfer path. By studying the contribution of each path to the seat vibration, the transfer rate function of each path and the input of the model are studied. The problems existing in the vibration of the excavator seat are analyzed, and the corresponding conclusions are obtained. Firstly, aiming at the problems existing in the research on the vibration of excavator seat, the concrete improvement method is put forward, and the implementation scheme of the improved method in the application process is summarized. Then, combined with the research topic of this paper, an analysis model of working mode transfer path and corresponding experimental design of excavator engine vibration to seat vibration are designed. Finally, the model is solved by experimental data, and the vibration transfer from engine to seat is studied by using the result of model calculation. The peak frequency of excavator seat vibration signal is found by spectrum analysis, and the vibration contribution of each path to seat vibration transmission is calculated. According to the vibration contribution vector diagram of each path at the peak frequency and the effective vibration contribution, This paper analyzes the path that affects the seat vibration greatly, and studies the improved method of reducing the seat vibration by combining the model input and the model transfer characteristics. In this paper, the vibration transfer from the engine to the seat is studied under three working conditions: the lowest speed, the rated speed and the highest speed. The results show that the vibration of the seat is the largest at the engine ignition frequency. The vibration contribution at this frequency is mainly caused by the large vibration of the engine after the left front and the right front damping. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the seat vibration performance by improving the damping performance of the engine left front and right front damping in the ignition frequency range.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU621
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7 周t，
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