绿色建筑全生命周期的费用效益分析研究

发布时间：2018-08-20 13:44

【摘要】：中国正在逐渐成为世界大国,GDP以每年近10%的增长率上升,但是在这个飞速发展的背后,隐藏着能源消耗过量的问题。从2003年提出可持续发展观,到现在大力推进绿色建筑,绿色建筑在中国得到越来越多的关注。然而绿色建筑概念在中国引入时间短,纵观我国在绿色建筑方面的研究,以概念和技术的内容居多,缺乏经济方面的系统性统计和研究。本论文从经济学的角度出发,以全生命周期成本理论为基础,将费用效益评价方法和风险分析方法相结合,结合成都地区的实际案例,对绿色建筑进行费用效益评价,分析绿色建筑的经济可行性。本论文首先介绍绿色建筑的国内外研究、概念、特点,并且严格按照《绿色建筑评价标准》的要求,在全生命周期成本理论的基础上,识别和测算绿色建筑的增量成本和增量效益,给出经济、环境、社会三方面效益详细可行的量化方法,赋予直接和间接效益统一的单位和可比较性。建立了绿色建筑费用效益分析模型,从全社会角度评价绿色建筑的经济可行性与发展前景。在此基础上将费用效益分析与风险分析方法相结合,考虑不确定因素对各评价指标的影响,充分评价绿色建筑在获得效益的同时,其抵抗风险能力的强弱。以成都地区的一个三星级绿色建筑作为案例,详细识别和量化其增量成本和增量效益,进行费用效益分析和风险分析,运用单因素敏感性分析和多因素敏感性分析方法,全面综合地考虑增量投资、电价、水价、节电量、节水量几个不确定因素对绿色建筑费用效益评价指标的影响。评价结果显示绿色建筑不仅能够产生丰厚的经济效益,还能带来可观的环境效益和社会效益,同时绿色建筑所产生的效益能够弥补初期的额外投资,在不到10年的时间内可以收回其增量成本。并且随着社会不确定因素电价、水价的上涨,其经济指标更好,相应的抗风险能力较强,有着巨大的发展前景。最后对绿色建筑发展和有待研究的问题提出自己的建议。本论文从经济学的角度,运用费用效益分析方法对绿色建筑增量成本和效益进行评价分析,研究成果弥补了绿色建筑在经济领域研究的不足,提供了科学的评价分析方法,为绿色建筑的发展和优化提供参考。
[Abstract]:China is gradually becoming a big country in the world. GDP is rising at a rate of nearly 10% a year. But behind this rapid development, there is a problem of excessive energy consumption. Since 2003, China put forward the concept of sustainable development, and now vigorously promote green building, green building in China has attracted more and more attention. However, the concept of green building in China. In this paper, from the perspective of economics, based on the theory of life cycle cost, cost-benefit evaluation method and risk analysis method are combined with the actual situation in Chengdu area. The cost effectiveness evaluation of green building is carried out, and the economic feasibility of green building is analyzed.
This paper firstly introduces the research, concept and characteristics of green building at home and abroad, and identifies and calculates the incremental cost and benefit of green building on the basis of the whole life cycle cost theory strictly in accordance with the requirements of , and gives a detailed and feasible quantitative method of economic, environmental and social benefits. The cost-benefit analysis model of green building is established to evaluate the economic feasibility and development prospects of green building from the perspective of the whole society. On this basis, the cost-benefit analysis is combined with the risk analysis method, and the influence of uncertain factors on the evaluation indexes is taken into account. Taking a three-star green building in Chengdu as an example, this paper identifies and quantifies its incremental cost and benefit, makes cost-benefit analysis and risk analysis, and comprehensively considers it by using single factor sensitivity analysis and multi-factor sensitivity analysis. The evaluation results show that green building can not only produce substantial economic benefits, but also bring considerable environmental and social benefits. At the same time, the benefits of green building can make up for the initial additional benefits. Investment can recover its incremental cost in less than 10 years. And with the rise of electricity price and water price, the economic index is better, and the corresponding risk resistance is stronger, so it has great development prospects.
From the angle of economics, this paper evaluates and analyzes the incremental cost and benefit of green building by using cost-benefit analysis method. The research results make up for the deficiency of green building research in the economic field, and provide a scientific evaluation and analysis method, and provide a reference for the development and optimization of green building.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU201.5

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