串联式重度混合动力装载机传动方案与控制策略研究
发布时间：2018-09-08 14:27
【摘要】：装载机能耗高，排放差，燃油效率低，在当今能源紧缺和环境恶化问题日益严重的情况下，研究装载机混合动力节能技术具有重要的理论意义与现实意义。近年来对并联混合动力装载机技术的研究取得了一系列优秀成果，有效地提高了能源利用率，但是由于传统并联方案仍保留液力变矩器，无法从根本上提高系统传动效率，制约了并联结构的发展。本文提出串联式重度油-电混合动力装载机结构方案，取消了液力变矩器，针对结构方案与装载机工况特点进行控制策略研究，通过有效地管理系统能量，合理分配系统功率，使动力系统各元件在高效区工作，取得较好的节能减排效果。 论文主要研究内容及相关结论包括以下几点： 1.论文提出了重度串联式油-电混合动力结构方案。采用理论公式和经验公式相结合的分析方式，建立串联混合动力装载机动力传动系统模型。采用遗传算法对系统进行参数匹配，提出了以动力系统效率为优化目标函数，以满足负载驱动需求、实现最小装机功率为约束条件的参数匹配优化方案。 2.研究了串联式重度混合动力装载机系统的控制策略。提出了基于自判断分段式多工作点控制策略与模糊逻辑控制策略，设计了模糊逻辑控制器，建立控制策略结构与控制规则。台架试验表明：两种控制策略都能保证发动机基本工作在高效区且输出平稳转矩，超级电容稳定工作且达到动态平衡。在发动机定转速下，采用自判断分段式多工作点切换控制策略比传统装载机节油约12%，采用模糊逻辑控制策略比传统装载机节油约14.03%；在发动机变转速下，采用自判断分段式多工作点切换控制策略比传统装载机节油约15.05%，采用模糊逻辑控制策略比传统装载机节油约17.27%。 3.采用瞬时优化与二次规划算法优化了模糊逻辑控制策略。建立了瞬时等效燃油消耗计算模型，分析系统功率流，制定了基于二次规划的能量管理策略。以系统综合效率最优为目标建立优化模型，优化发动机转速与动力系统功率分配，提高模糊逻辑控制效果。台架试验证明，瞬时优化算法进一步降低了发动机油耗，比传统装载机节能约18.18%；二次规划算法实现全局最优控制路径，，保证发动机工作在最优效率曲线附近，进一步改善了燃油经济性，相比传统装载机节能约18.48%。 4.搭建了国内第一个基于电力传动技术的重度串联式油-电混合动力装载机试验台。并分别进行了以下八组对比试验：（1）传统试验，根据驾驶员意图控制系统工作；（2）并联式混合动力发动机变转速试验，采用模糊逻辑控制系统转矩分配；（3）串联式混合动力发动机定转速试验，采用逻辑门限控制系统转矩分配；（4）串联式混合动力发动机定转速试验，采用模糊逻辑控制系统转矩分配；（5）串联式混合动力发动机变转速试验，采用逻辑门限控制系统转矩分配；（6）串联式混合动力发动机变转速试验，采用模糊逻辑控制策略进行系统转矩分配；（7）串联式混合动力发动机变转速试验，在模糊逻辑转矩控制的基础上进行瞬时优化；（8）串联式混合动力发动机变转速试验，在模糊逻辑转矩控制的基础上进行二次规划，寻找全局最优控制路径。通过台架试验验证了所提出的能量管理控制策略的正确性和适用性。 理论和试验研究工作表明：串联式重度油-电混合动力装载机通过电力传动技术取代了传统的液力变矩器，提高了传动系统传动效率；本文提出的控制策略实现了不同工况下系统的能量管理，使动力源与负载能够更好地匹配，提高了装载机效率与燃油经济性。
[Abstract]:With the high energy consumption, poor emission and low fuel efficiency of loaders, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the hybrid energy-saving technology of loaders under the situation of energy shortage and environmental deterioration. However, the traditional parallel scheme still retains the hydraulic torque converter, which can not fundamentally improve the transmission efficiency of the system and restricts the development of the parallel structure. The research shows that by effectively managing the energy of the system and reasonably distributing the power of the system, the components of the power system can work in the high efficiency area and achieve better effect of energy saving and emission reduction.
The main contents and conclusions of the thesis include the following points:
1. The structure scheme of the heavy series oil-electric hybrid power system is presented in this paper. The power transmission system model of the series hybrid power loader is established by combining the theoretical formula with the empirical formula. To achieve the minimum power constraint condition, a parameter matching optimization scheme is implemented.
2. The control strategy of Series Series Heavy Hybrid Power Loader System is studied. The self-judgment multi-point control strategy and fuzzy logic control strategy are proposed. The fuzzy logic controller is designed and the control strategy structure and control rules are established. The bench test results show that the two control strategies can ensure the basic work of the engine. At constant engine speed, the self-judging multi-working point switching control strategy saves about 12% fuel compared with the traditional loader, and the fuzzy logic control strategy saves about 14.03% fuel compared with the traditional loader; at variable engine speed, the self-judging score is adopted. The switching control strategy of segment multi-working point saves about 15.05% fuel compared with the traditional loader, and the fuzzy logic control strategy saves about 17.27% fuel compared with the traditional loader.
3. Fuzzy logic control strategy is optimized by instantaneous optimization and quadratic programming algorithm. The calculation model of instantaneous equivalent fuel consumption is established, the system power flow is analyzed, and the energy management strategy based on quadratic programming is formulated. The bench test proves that the instantaneous optimization algorithm further reduces the engine fuel consumption and saves about 18.18% energy compared with the traditional loader; the quadratic programming algorithm realizes the global optimal control path, guarantees the engine to work near the optimal efficiency curve, further improves the fuel economy, and saves about 18% energy compared with the traditional loader. .48%.
4. The first test rig of heavy series oil-electric hybrid loader based on electric drive technology in China is built. The following eight groups of comparative tests are carried out: (1) Traditional test, which works according to the driver's intention control system; (2) Parallel hybrid engine variable speed test, which adopts fuzzy logic control system to control torque fraction. (3) constant speed test of series hybrid engine, using logic threshold control system torque distribution; (4) constant speed test of series hybrid engine, using fuzzy logic control system torque distribution; (5) variable speed test of series hybrid engine, using logic threshold control system torque distribution; (6) series hybrid engine torque distribution; (6) variable speed test, using logic threshold control system torque distribution; (6) series hybrid engine test Hybrid engine variable speed test, the use of fuzzy logic control strategy for system torque distribution; (7) series hybrid engine variable speed test, on the basis of fuzzy logic torque control for instantaneous optimization; (8) series hybrid engine variable speed test, on the basis of fuzzy logic torque control to advance The quadratic programming is used to find the global optimal control path. The correctness and applicability of the proposed energy management control strategy are verified by bench test.
Theoretical and experimental studies show that the series heavy oil-electric hybrid loader replaces the traditional hydraulic torque converter by the power transmission technology and improves the transmission efficiency of the transmission system; the control strategy proposed in this paper realizes the energy management of the system under different working conditions, so that the power source and load can be better matched and improved. Loader efficiency and fuel economy.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TH243
本文编号：2230792
[Abstract]:With the high energy consumption, poor emission and low fuel efficiency of loaders, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the hybrid energy-saving technology of loaders under the situation of energy shortage and environmental deterioration. However, the traditional parallel scheme still retains the hydraulic torque converter, which can not fundamentally improve the transmission efficiency of the system and restricts the development of the parallel structure. The research shows that by effectively managing the energy of the system and reasonably distributing the power of the system, the components of the power system can work in the high efficiency area and achieve better effect of energy saving and emission reduction.
The main contents and conclusions of the thesis include the following points:
1. The structure scheme of the heavy series oil-electric hybrid power system is presented in this paper. The power transmission system model of the series hybrid power loader is established by combining the theoretical formula with the empirical formula. To achieve the minimum power constraint condition, a parameter matching optimization scheme is implemented.
2. The control strategy of Series Series Heavy Hybrid Power Loader System is studied. The self-judgment multi-point control strategy and fuzzy logic control strategy are proposed. The fuzzy logic controller is designed and the control strategy structure and control rules are established. The bench test results show that the two control strategies can ensure the basic work of the engine. At constant engine speed, the self-judging multi-working point switching control strategy saves about 12% fuel compared with the traditional loader, and the fuzzy logic control strategy saves about 14.03% fuel compared with the traditional loader; at variable engine speed, the self-judging score is adopted. The switching control strategy of segment multi-working point saves about 15.05% fuel compared with the traditional loader, and the fuzzy logic control strategy saves about 17.27% fuel compared with the traditional loader.
3. Fuzzy logic control strategy is optimized by instantaneous optimization and quadratic programming algorithm. The calculation model of instantaneous equivalent fuel consumption is established, the system power flow is analyzed, and the energy management strategy based on quadratic programming is formulated. The bench test proves that the instantaneous optimization algorithm further reduces the engine fuel consumption and saves about 18.18% energy compared with the traditional loader; the quadratic programming algorithm realizes the global optimal control path, guarantees the engine to work near the optimal efficiency curve, further improves the fuel economy, and saves about 18% energy compared with the traditional loader. .48%.
4. The first test rig of heavy series oil-electric hybrid loader based on electric drive technology in China is built. The following eight groups of comparative tests are carried out: (1) Traditional test, which works according to the driver's intention control system; (2) Parallel hybrid engine variable speed test, which adopts fuzzy logic control system to control torque fraction. (3) constant speed test of series hybrid engine, using logic threshold control system torque distribution; (4) constant speed test of series hybrid engine, using fuzzy logic control system torque distribution; (5) variable speed test of series hybrid engine, using logic threshold control system torque distribution; (6) series hybrid engine torque distribution; (6) variable speed test, using logic threshold control system torque distribution; (6) series hybrid engine test Hybrid engine variable speed test, the use of fuzzy logic control strategy for system torque distribution; (7) series hybrid engine variable speed test, on the basis of fuzzy logic torque control for instantaneous optimization; (8) series hybrid engine variable speed test, on the basis of fuzzy logic torque control to advance The quadratic programming is used to find the global optimal control path. The correctness and applicability of the proposed energy management control strategy are verified by bench test.
Theoretical and experimental studies show that the series heavy oil-electric hybrid loader replaces the traditional hydraulic torque converter by the power transmission technology and improves the transmission efficiency of the transmission system; the control strategy proposed in this paper realizes the energy management of the system under different working conditions, so that the power source and load can be better matched and improved. Loader efficiency and fuel economy.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TH243
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