关中传统民居门窗型制及其现代应用研究

发布时间：2018-10-05 11:13

【摘要】：陕西关中地区历史文化悠久，其中门窗作为民居建筑中的一个重要组成部分，不仅处于特定的自然条件、地理位置、历史渊源以及民俗文化，而且由于其自身拥有采光、通风、隔音、防盗等多种功能，以致在建筑形态，建筑空间，室内光影及建筑周边环境等都发挥着举足轻重的作用。所以传统关中民居门窗是关中历史文脉的写照，更是濒临消失的文化瑰宝。针对当今大多数现代关中民居设计方案都带有很大的盲目性和局限性，新建村落面貌趋于雷同与无序蔓延，使得传统乡土环境恶化、传统村落风貌支离破碎、传统民居精髓遭到摒弃、传统历史文化逐步丧失。本论文主要从传统关中民居门窗出发，通过对传统形式语言的保留与重新塑造的实例调研与分析，，来探讨归类关中民居门窗的型制，目的是在其指导下寻求个性化的艺术形式与传统的回归。最终为提出有现实意义的关中民居门窗设计方法提供一些可参考的有效途径。本篇论文包括六个部分内容：一、提出问题：明确课题的提出及研究的背景，理解课题研究的目的与意义，总结课题研究的内容与方法。二、基础分析：首先，通过网络搜索、书籍查阅和实地调研等方式，从文化性、地域性、文脉性宏观的分析了关中民居门窗形成的背景。三、实例调研：分区域与类型搜集关中地区的优秀民居建筑实例，并加以整理，初步的概括了解关中民居门窗在传统与现代创作中的基本手法。四、型制研究：在调研的基础上，对传统关中民居门窗型制进行研究，通过功能属性、开启方式、窗棂构成、艺术装饰等具体方面来分析总结，使得到的相关结论更好更方便的利用到现代关中民居建设当中。五、项目实践：结合合阳县灵泉村35户新民居建筑设计，将归纳分析得出的理论研究付诸于实际项目的实践之中，重新审视门窗与整个项目过程中的规划设计、组团设计、单体设计、院落设计、功能房间设计各个层级的关系，为当今关中地区的新民居建筑创作提供一套完整的参考思路。六、总结问题:总结以上的理论与实践，为进一步解决关中传统民居门窗的现代继承和创新问题提出建议；并分析研究还存在的不足和问题，为今后的探索提供一定的资料基础。
[Abstract]:Shaanxi Guanzhong area has a long history and culture. Windows and doors, as an important part of residential architecture, are not only in the specific natural conditions, geographical location, historical origin and folk culture, but also because of its own lighting, ventilation, Sound insulation, theft prevention and other functions play an important role in architectural form, architectural space, indoor lighting and surrounding environment. Therefore, the traditional Guanzhong folk house windows and doors are a reflection of Guanzhong's historical context and a cultural treasure on the verge of disappearing. In view of the great blindness and limitation of most modern Guanzhong folk house design schemes, the new villages tend to be similar and disorderly, which makes the traditional local environment deteriorate and the traditional villages' style and features fragmented. The essence of traditional houses was abandoned and traditional history and culture gradually lost. This paper mainly from the traditional Guanzhong folk house door and window, through the traditional form language reservation and the reconstruction example investigation and the analysis, discusses classifies the Guanzhong folk residence door and window type system, The aim is to seek the return of individualized art form and tradition under its guidance. Finally, it provides some effective ways to design the doors and windows of Guanzhong residence. This paper includes six parts: first, put forward questions: make clear the background of the research, understand the purpose and significance of the research, summarize the contents and methods of the research. Second, basic analysis: first, through network search, books inspection and field research, from the cultural, regional, contextual macro analysis of the formation of Guanzhong folk house doors and windows background. Third, case study: collect the outstanding folk house building examples in Guanzhong area by region and type, and sort it out, and preliminarily generalize the basic techniques of traditional and modern creation of Guanzhong folk house windows and doors. Fourth, the study of type system: on the basis of investigation and research, the traditional Guanzhong folk residence door and window system is studied, and analyzed and summarized through the specific aspects of functional attributes, opening mode, window lattice composition, art decoration, etc. So that the relevant conclusions are better and more convenient to use in the construction of modern Guanzhong folk houses. Fifth, project practice: combined with the architectural design of 35 new folk houses in Lingquan Village, Heyang County, put the theoretical research of induction and analysis into the practice of the actual project, re-examine the planning and design of doors and windows and the whole process of the project, and form a group design. The relationship among individual design, courtyard design and functional room design provides a complete set of reference ideas for the creation of new residential buildings in Guanzhong area. 6. Summing up the problems: summing up the above theories and practices, putting forward suggestions for further solving the problems of modern inheritance and innovation of the doors and windows of the traditional folk houses in Guanzhong, and analyzing the shortcomings and problems in the study, To provide a certain data base for future exploration.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU241.5;TU228

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