光催化空气净化器的设计及甲醛降解的实验研究

发布时间：2018-10-05 11:15

【摘要】：甲醛广泛存在于环境中，是室内空气主要污染物之一，长期接触会对人体健康产生诸多不利的影响。因此，甲醛的去除是目前亟待解决的问题之一。近年来，光催化氧化技术以其反应速率快、反应彻底等优点成为室内空气净化的研究热点。针对现有的研究，如何将光催化氧化技术更好的应用到实际中，实现光催化空气净化器的小型化、实用化、廉价化具有重要的理论与实践意义。 本文首先根据光催化反应原理设计了一种结构简单的壁挂式光催化空气净化器并与厂家合作制作出一台样机，理论上可以提高光催化的反应速率；其次通过搭建实验平台、设计实验方案、制备实验材料，研究本实验装置对甲醛的降解效果，并与传统的平板式反应器进行对比分析；然后通过选择几个可控的影响因素设计了正交实验，并利用数理统计的知识对实验结果进行直观分析与方差分析，以确定本实验装置的最佳配比条件；最后在最佳配比条件下进行实验，确定本实验装置的最理想净化效果。主要研究成果如下： ①在相同的实验条件下，将本装置与传统的平板式反应器对比分析，可得到本装置较平板式反应器降解效果更好，降解效率提高了14%。 ②通过设计正交实验可得，在实验条件范围内自行设计的光催化空气净化器的最佳配比条件为：初始浓度为0.7mg/m3，环境温度为25℃，P25TiO2的负载量为1.0mg/cm2。 ③通过方差分析可知，，在环境温度、污染物初始浓度及负载量等几个可控因素下，其各自对光催化空气净化器的影响存在显著性差异，显著性水平为：环境温度＞甲醛初始浓度＞P25TiO2的负载量。 ④在最佳配比条件下的总衰减实验中甲醛的降解效率在120min内可达到89%，总衰减系数达到0.02，降解效果较好，将环境测试舱体积转换为标准体积可得本装置的净化效能属于C级范围。
[Abstract]:Formaldehyde exists widely in the environment and is one of the main indoor air pollutants. Therefore, the removal of formaldehyde is one of the problems to be solved. In recent years, photocatalytic oxidation technology has become the research hotspot of indoor air purification due to its rapid reaction rate and thorough reaction. In view of the existing research, how to better apply photocatalytic oxidation technology to practice and realize the miniaturization, practicability and cheapness of photocatalytic air purifier has important theoretical and practical significance. In this paper, a simple wall photocatalytic air purifier is designed according to the principle of photocatalytic reaction, and a prototype is made in cooperation with the manufacturer, which can improve the reaction rate of photocatalysis theoretically. The experiment scheme was designed, the experimental material was prepared, the degradation effect of formaldehyde was studied, and compared with the traditional plate reactor, the orthogonal experiment was designed by selecting several controllable influencing factors. The experimental results are analyzed intuitively and the variance analysis is used to determine the optimum matching conditions of the experimental equipment. Finally, the optimal purification effect of the experimental device is determined by the experiments under the optimum proportioning conditions. The main research results are as follows: 1 under the same experimental conditions, compared with the traditional plate reactor, it can be concluded that the degradation effect of this device is better than that of the plate reactor, and the degradation efficiency is increased by 14%. 2 by designing orthogonal experiment, the optimum ratio of photocatalytic air purifier designed in the range of experimental conditions is as follows: the initial concentration is 0.7 mg / m ~ (3), the loading amount of P25TiO _ (2) is 1.0 mg / cm ~ (2) at 25 鈩

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