安徽省全椒县襄河景观带植物配置及景观评价
发布时间：2018-10-26 10:44
【摘要】：本文运用景观规划学、景观设计学、园林植物学、景观生态学、心理学、美学等相关学科理论,以全椒县襄河景观带为研究对象,在配置植物现状调查的基础上,通过对应用植物的季相、色相,植物群落物种丰富度(S)、优势度指数(D, Simpson指数)、多样性指数(H, Shannon-weiner指数)和均匀度指数(E, Pielou指数)分析,运用层次分析法(AHP法)对襄河景观22个样地进行景观价值评价,指出了全椒县襄河景观带植物配置与造景存在的问题,并提出了提升改造的意见和建议,旨在将襄河景观带打造成具有全椒特色的滨河景观带。取得以下研究成果：1、襄河景观带共有89种植物,分为40科66属。乔木44种,灌木28种,草本植物17种。落叶树种与常绿树种比约为3：1,乡土植物与外来植物比为1：2。2、襄河景观带各样点的配置主要为乔-灌-草多层次模式,结合景点布置,各样点植物配植与造景的观赏效果较好,但最佳观赏时节主要集中在春季和夏季,春花植物运用比例较大,也较为集中；观果植物种类较少,秋彩色植物应用景观单一偏重红色系；由于冬季常绿乔木树种比例偏小,景观略显萧条。3、襄河景观植物乔木应用频率较高的树种种类很少,应用频率低的树种种类较多,综合分析得出,使用频率较高的树种一般具有较高的重要值。4、襄河景观带22个样地的物种丰富度平均值为6.23, Simpson指数的平均值为0.55,最高值是0.85,为17#紫薇(Lagerstroemia indica)-棣棠(Kerria japon ica)-红花醇浆草(Oxalis orymbosa)群落,最低值为18#日本早樱(Prunus subhirtella)-紫藤(Wisteria sinensis)-粉花绣线菊(Spiraea japonica)群落；多样性指数最高值为1.896,最低值为1.156；1#马尾松(Pinus massoniana Lamb)-美国秋红枫高羊茅(Festuca elata)群落的均匀度为最低值0.564,主要是由于灌木层植物应用较少、草坪被火烧,10#金镶玉竹(Phyllostachys aureosulcata)-凤尾兰(Yucca gloriosa)-鸢尾(Iris tectorum)群落的均匀度仅为0.609,主要是因为鸢尾栽植密度较小,尚未成片,出现地面裸露现象。本通过以上分析可以看出,大多数群落具有较高物种丰富度和均匀度,群落表现出基本一致,同时表明当物种丰富度较高的群落,优势度指数、物种多样性指数、均匀度指数也相对较高。5、在景观价值评价上,Ⅰ级植物景观有五个,为4#、5群、7#、10#、19#样地,占评价样地总数的22%,Ⅱ级景观样地为14个,占评价总样地的64%,Ⅲ级样地为4个,占评价样地总数的14%。
[Abstract]:Based on the theories of landscape planning, landscape design, landscape botany, landscape ecology, psychology, aesthetics and so on, this paper takes the Xianghe landscape belt in Quanjiao County as the research object, and based on the investigation of the present situation of plant allocation, (S), dominance index (D, Simpson index), diversity index (H, Shannon-weiner index) and evenness index (E, Pielou index) of plant species richness were analyzed by means of season, color, plant community richness index (D, Simpson index), diversity index (H, Shannon-weiner index) and evenness index (E, Pielou index). Using AHP method to evaluate the landscape value of 22 plots of Xianghe landscape, this paper points out the problems of plant configuration and landscape making in Xianghe landscape zone of Quanjiao County, and puts forward some suggestions and suggestions for upgrading and reconstruction. The purpose is to build Xianghe landscape belt into a waterfront landscape belt with full pepper characteristics. The results are as follows: 1. There are 89 species of plants in Xianghe River landscape zone, which are divided into 40 families and 66 genera. There are 44 species of trees, 28 species of shrubs and 17 species of herbaceous plants. The ratio of deciduous tree species to evergreen tree species is about 3: 1, and the ratio of native plants to exotic plants is 1: 2.2. The allocation of various points in the Xianghe landscape belt is mainly a multi-level model of Arbor, Irrigation and Grass, combined with the arrangement of scenic spots. The ornamental effect of planting and landscape making is better, but the best ornamental season is mainly concentrated in spring and summer, and the use of spring flower plants is larger and more concentrated. There are few species of fruit-watching plants, and the autumn color plants are used in the landscape with a single red color system. Because of the small proportion of evergreen tree species in winter and the slight depression of landscape. 3, there are few species of trees with high application frequency and many species with low application frequency in Xianghe landscape. The average species richness of 22 plots in Xianghe landscape belt is 6.23, the average value of Simpson index is 0.55, and the highest value is 0.85. It is a (Oxalis orymbosa) community of (Lagerstroemia indica)-(Kerria japon ica)-safflower, and the lowest value is 18 # (Prunus subhirtella)-(Wisteria sinensis)-(Spiraea japonica) community. The highest value of diversity index is 1.896, the lowest value is 1.156; The evenness of (Festuca elata) community of Pinus massoniana (Pinus massoniana Lamb) is the lowest 0.564, which is mainly due to the less application of shrub layer plants and the burning of lawn. 1the evenness of (Phyllostachys aureosulcata)-(Yucca gloriosa)-Iris (Iris tectorum) community was only 0.609, which was mainly due to the low planting density of Iris. Through the above analysis, it can be seen that most communities have higher species richness and evenness, and the communities are basically consistent. At the same time, when the species richness is higher, the dominance index, the species diversity index, The evenness index was also relatively high. In the evaluation of landscape value, there were five plants of grade I, 4 #n5 groups, and 7 #10 #n19# plots, which accounted for 22 of the total number of plots evaluated, and 14 of the second grade landscape plots. It accounts for 64 of the total sample plots and 4 of the third grade plots, accounting for 14 percent of the total number of the evaluation plots.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU986.5
本文编号：2295459
[Abstract]:Based on the theories of landscape planning, landscape design, landscape botany, landscape ecology, psychology, aesthetics and so on, this paper takes the Xianghe landscape belt in Quanjiao County as the research object, and based on the investigation of the present situation of plant allocation, (S), dominance index (D, Simpson index), diversity index (H, Shannon-weiner index) and evenness index (E, Pielou index) of plant species richness were analyzed by means of season, color, plant community richness index (D, Simpson index), diversity index (H, Shannon-weiner index) and evenness index (E, Pielou index). Using AHP method to evaluate the landscape value of 22 plots of Xianghe landscape, this paper points out the problems of plant configuration and landscape making in Xianghe landscape zone of Quanjiao County, and puts forward some suggestions and suggestions for upgrading and reconstruction. The purpose is to build Xianghe landscape belt into a waterfront landscape belt with full pepper characteristics. The results are as follows: 1. There are 89 species of plants in Xianghe River landscape zone, which are divided into 40 families and 66 genera. There are 44 species of trees, 28 species of shrubs and 17 species of herbaceous plants. The ratio of deciduous tree species to evergreen tree species is about 3: 1, and the ratio of native plants to exotic plants is 1: 2.2. The allocation of various points in the Xianghe landscape belt is mainly a multi-level model of Arbor, Irrigation and Grass, combined with the arrangement of scenic spots. The ornamental effect of planting and landscape making is better, but the best ornamental season is mainly concentrated in spring and summer, and the use of spring flower plants is larger and more concentrated. There are few species of fruit-watching plants, and the autumn color plants are used in the landscape with a single red color system. Because of the small proportion of evergreen tree species in winter and the slight depression of landscape. 3, there are few species of trees with high application frequency and many species with low application frequency in Xianghe landscape. The average species richness of 22 plots in Xianghe landscape belt is 6.23, the average value of Simpson index is 0.55, and the highest value is 0.85. It is a (Oxalis orymbosa) community of (Lagerstroemia indica)-(Kerria japon ica)-safflower, and the lowest value is 18 # (Prunus subhirtella)-(Wisteria sinensis)-(Spiraea japonica) community. The highest value of diversity index is 1.896, the lowest value is 1.156; The evenness of (Festuca elata) community of Pinus massoniana (Pinus massoniana Lamb) is the lowest 0.564, which is mainly due to the less application of shrub layer plants and the burning of lawn. 1the evenness of (Phyllostachys aureosulcata)-(Yucca gloriosa)-Iris (Iris tectorum) community was only 0.609, which was mainly due to the low planting density of Iris. Through the above analysis, it can be seen that most communities have higher species richness and evenness, and the communities are basically consistent. At the same time, when the species richness is higher, the dominance index, the species diversity index, The evenness index was also relatively high. In the evaluation of landscape value, there were five plants of grade I, 4 #n5 groups, and 7 #10 #n19# plots, which accounted for 22 of the total number of plots evaluated, and 14 of the second grade landscape plots. It accounts for 64 of the total sample plots and 4 of the third grade plots, accounting for 14 percent of the total number of the evaluation plots.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU986.5
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