燃气驱动冷热电三联供系统的运行优化研究

发布时间：2018-10-29 14:50

【摘要】：冷热电三联供(CCHP,Combined Cooling,Heating and Power)系统是一种建立在能源的梯级利用概念基础之上,将制冷、供热及发电过程一体化的分布式能源系统,不仅能够提高能源利用效率,还有利于保护环境和降低投资成本。我国对CCHP系统的研究和应用起步较晚,并且运行效果也不尽如人意,所以仔细深入研究CCHP系统的运行优化,对其在我国的推广应用具有重要意义。首先提取出燃气驱动CCHP系统的基本配置为:m台动力单元设备+n台转换单元设备+余热回收单元+补燃单元,在满足建筑冷热电需求的前提下,以各设备的性能参数为约束条件,建立多台数配置形式下的运行优化模型。选取运行费用、?效率和二氧化碳排放量为单目标函数,根据功效系数法确定进行多目标优化的目标函数,则根据决策者意图形成不同的运行策略。模型求解流程为:根据建筑的逐时负荷进行优化,首先采用枚举法穷举出动力单元各设备发电量的所有组合形式,再用内点法计算任一组合形式下补燃单元的最小耗气量,从而计算出能源消耗量,根据其对应的目标函数值进行优化。在MATLAB的GUI工具箱中编制可视化程序,通过能源价格、转换因子和逐时负荷等参数的输入,优化得到系统在各运行策略下的最优能耗量和目标函数值。以天津市某内燃机+直燃机CCHP系统为研究对象,在eQUEST软件中对其所携带建筑的逐时冷、热、电负荷进行模拟,根据其配置形式和厂家提供的设备性能参数,得到该系统的运行优化模型。将2014年初调试数据与模型运算数据进行对比,误差在±15%的范围内,验证了设备性能参数的准确性。根据内燃机性能,举例说明不同负荷情况下各运行策略的差异,从电负荷相对较大和冷热负荷相对较大两个方面进行分析。采用该运行优化模型分别对冬夏季各运行策略的能源消耗量和目标函数值进行求解,将结果与分供系统对比,夏季的系统运行效果要优于冬季,并根据典型日负荷情况进行逐时能耗量的分析。在此基础上,对突出影响该系统运行经济性的气电价格进行分析,得到不同气电价格比下经济性运行策略的能源消耗量。并且在目前的能源价格下,探讨在发电上网运行模式下,上网电价对系统运行经济性的影响。通过该模型在具体工程中的实际应用,凸显了其对燃气驱动CCHP系统运行优化的普适性意义,为今后多台数配置形式下系统的优化运行奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:The CCHP,Combined Cooling,Heating and Power) system is a distributed energy system based on the concept of cascade utilization of energy, which integrates refrigeration, heating and power generation process, which can not only improve the efficiency of energy utilization. It also helps to protect the environment and reduce investment costs. The research and application of CCHP system in our country started late, and the operation effect is not satisfactory. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the operation optimization of CCHP system carefully and deeply for its popularization and application in our country. Firstly, the basic configuration of gas-driven CCHP system is as follows: M power unit equipment, n transfer unit equipment, waste heat recovery unit supplementary combustion unit, under the premise of meeting the demand of building cooling, heat and electricity. Taking the performance parameters of each equipment as the constraint condition, the operation optimization model under the configuration of multiple sets is established. Select the running cost,? Efficiency and carbon dioxide emissions are single-objective functions. According to the efficiency coefficient method, the objective function of multi-objective optimization is determined, and different operation strategies are formed according to the intention of the decision makers. The model solution flow is as follows: according to the hourly load of the building, firstly, all the combined forms of power generation of each equipment of the power unit are given by enumeration method, and then the minimum gas consumption of the supplementary combustion unit under any combination form is calculated by the internal point method. The energy consumption is calculated and optimized according to the corresponding objective function. A visual program is compiled in the GUI toolbox of MATLAB. By input of energy price, conversion factor and hourly load, the optimal energy consumption and objective function of the system under various operation strategies are optimized. Taking the CCHP system of an internal combustion engine direct-gas engine in Tianjin as the research object, the hourly cooling, heat and electric load of the building carried by the engine was simulated in eQUEST software, and according to its configuration form and the equipment performance parameters provided by the manufacturer, The operation optimization model of the system is obtained. By comparing the debugging data with the model operation data in early 2014, the error is in the range of 卤15%, which verifies the accuracy of the equipment performance parameters. According to the performance of internal combustion engine, the differences of operation strategies under different load conditions are illustrated with examples, and analyzed from two aspects: relatively large electric load and relatively large cold and hot load. The energy consumption and the objective function value of each operation strategy in winter and summer are solved by using the operation optimization model, and the results are compared with the distribution system, and the system operation effect in summer is better than that in winter. According to the typical daily load, the hourly energy consumption is analyzed. On this basis, the energy consumption of the economic operation strategy under different gas-electricity price ratio is obtained by analyzing the gas and electricity price which has a prominent impact on the operation economy of the system. Under the current energy price, this paper discusses the influence of the electricity price on the operation economy of the system under the operation mode of power generation. Through the practical application of the model in specific projects, it highlights the universal significance of the operation optimization of gas-driven CCHP system, and lays a foundation for the optimal operation of the system under the form of multi-station configuration in the future.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM61;TU83

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