山东地区混合花境景观的综合评价与设计研究

发布时间：2018-10-29 19:23

【摘要】：混合花境作为提高园林建设中的植物景观艺术和充分发挥植物生态效益的良好配置模式,在如今强调园林建设再现自然生态、追求景观多样化与可持续性发展的形势下,如何提高混合花境的营建水平是一个十分重要且值得研究的课题。山东地区混合花境的应用时间短,运用在花境中的植物材料缺乏。混合花境的系统研究,可以更好的促进山东城市绿地系统建设,优化景观配置模式,提高植物景观的物种多样性,丰富园林景观,为混合花境在山东地区的推广和应用提供一定的理论基础和实践依据。主要成果如下：(1)总结国内学术界对花境概念的不同诠释,明确混合花境的概念——以宿根花卉为主,运用花灌木、小乔木为骨架,配以球根花卉和观赏草等植物材料,经过提炼和艺术加工,形成花卉自然散布生长的景观。了解混合花境类型和特点,归纳出国内外混合花境景观营造的理论研究和实践应用现状。(2)针对上海、北京、济南、杭州、天津等城市混合花境应用现状进行实地考察,并从植物群落、色彩、层次、生态习性等方面对花境进行系统分析,总结不同类型植物在混合花境中所占比重,分析混合花境应用上存在着花境的植物类型少、品种单调、配置手法不够娴熟等问题。(3)从生态美、形式美、时空美、意境美四方面建立混合花境景观综合评价模型,运用层次分析法建立模型,计算11个混合花境样地的综合评价指数,为山东地区混合花境景观设计指明了方向。(4)明确了混合花境的设计原则,总结出混合花境的设计手法,探讨了混合花境植物选择原则,针对山东地区的的具体环境情况,选出65科190属适用于山东地区景观效果良好的植物材料,按照耐旱性、耐水湿、耐阴性等生态习性进行分类,同时选用适应性强、景观效果良好的观赏草品种,为混合花境设计提供植物素材。(5)通过对山东省三川生态园中混合花境的应用和设计,探讨混合花境在山东地区的具体设计手法和造景应用。
[Abstract]:As a good allocation model to improve the art of plant landscape and to give full play to the ecological benefits of plants in garden construction, the mixed flower boundary is now emphasized to reproduce the natural ecology and to pursue the diversity and sustainable development of the landscape. How to improve the construction level of mixed flower land is a very important and worthy of study. The application time of mixed flower border in Shandong area is short, and the plant material used in flower border is short. The systematic study of mixed flower land can better promote the construction of green land system in Shandong city, optimize the landscape configuration mode, improve the species diversity of plant landscape, and enrich the landscape. To provide some theoretical and practical basis for the promotion and application of mixed flower border in Shandong area. The main results are as follows: (1) summarizing the different interpretations of the concept of flower boundary in domestic academic circles, making clear the concept of mixed flower boundary-taking the root flower as the main body, using flower shrubs and small trees as the skeleton, With bulb flowers and ornamental grass and other plant materials, after refining and art, the flowers formed a natural scattered growth landscape. To understand the types and characteristics of mixed flower border, sum up the theoretical research and practical application of the view of mixed flower landscape at home and abroad. (2) aiming at Shanghai, Beijing, Jinan, Hangzhou, The present situation of the application of mixed flower border in Tianjin and other cities was investigated, and the plant community, color, level and ecological habit were systematically analyzed, and the proportion of different types of plants in the mixed flower border was summarized. It is analyzed that there are some problems in the application of mixed flower border, such as few plant types in flower border, monotonous varieties and unskillful disposition techniques. (3) from the aspects of ecological beauty, formal beauty, space-time beauty, etc. The comprehensive evaluation model of mixed flower landscape was established in four aspects of artistic conception and beauty, the analytic hierarchy process was used to establish the model, and the comprehensive evaluation index of 11 mixed flower land was calculated. It pointed out the direction for the view design of mixed flower landscape in Shandong area. (4) the design principle of mixed flower border was clarified, the design method of mixed flower border was summarized, and the selection principle of mixed flower border plant was discussed. According to the specific environmental conditions in Shandong region, the plant materials of 190 genera belonging to 65 families, which are suitable for good landscape effect in Shandong region, are classified according to their ecological habits, such as drought tolerance, water and moisture tolerance, and negative tolerance, and at the same time, they are selected with strong adaptability. The ornamental grass varieties with good landscape effect provide plant materials for mixed flower border design. (5) through the application and design of mixed flower border in Sanchuan Ecological Garden of Shandong Province, This paper discusses the concrete design technique and landscape application of mixed flower boundary in Shandong area.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU986

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