一族双显式算法及其在实时耦联动力试验中的应用

发布时间：2018-11-06 15:43

【摘要】：实时耦联动力试验（Real-time dynamic hybrid testing,简称RTDHT）是一种新型结构动力试验方法，它将整体结构拆分为试验子结构和数值子结构两部分，通过实时交互子结构之间的数据来完成整个试验。本文发展了一族双显式算法，分析了算法在RTDHT系统中的稳定性，并基于新算法进行了RTDHT试验的工程应用。论文的主要内容包括以下几个方面： 1.基于离散控制理论中的极点映射法发展了一族双显式算法。针对阻尼非线性问题对比了新算法和一些常用算法的计算耗时，体现了双显式算法的效率优势。通过理论分析和数值算例研究了算法积分参数与精度和稳定性之间的关系，表明一族算法的精度和稳定性是矛盾的属性，不能同时达到最佳。同时对结构动力计算中不同条件下积分参数的选取提供了建议。 2.基于离散传递函数建立了考虑数值积分算法、加载体系迟滞以及位移补偿算法的双自由度RTDHT系统的动力分析模型，并采用根轨迹法研究了新算法在迟滞和补偿条件下的稳定特性。结果表明RTDHT系统中，迟滞和补偿是决定算法稳定极限的关键因素，算法在纯数值条件下的稳定性差异对结构的频率极限的影响非常小，因而在精度和计算效率方面具备优势的子算法更加适用于RTDHT试验。通过一个双层框架的RTDHT试验验证了根轨迹分析得到的稳定性极限，表明理论分析方法具有足够的精度来指导实际试验中的模型设计。 3.为了测量调谐液体阻尼器（Tuned liquid damper,简称TLD）等非刚架型结构的反馈力，设计了一种新型反馈力测量装置。通过引入新算法和新的测量装置改进了清华大学振动台型RTDHT系统。针对一个TLD控制的双层框架结构，分别进行了RTDHT试验和常规振动台试验，两种试验方法的结果吻合良好，表明新试验系统具有较高精度，能够用来研究TLD的减震性能。 4.发挥RTDHT能够随意调整数值子结构参数的优势，，进行了TLD对于不同楼层实际结构的减震性能研究，发现在同样质量比条件下，TLD更加适用于高层建筑结构的减震消能。进一步以高层结构为例，通过试验研究了不同质量比、不同阻尼比以及不同地震波输入等因素对于TLD减震效果的影响。
[Abstract]:Real-time coupled dynamic test (RTDHT) is a new structural dynamic test method, which divides the whole structure into two parts: experimental substructure and numerical substructure. The whole experiment is completed by the data between the real-time interactive substructures. In this paper, a family of double explicit algorithms is developed, and the stability of the algorithm in RTDHT system is analyzed. Based on the new algorithm, the engineering application of RTDHT experiment is carried out. The main contents of the paper include the following aspects: 1. Based on the pole mapping method in discrete control theory, a family of double explicit algorithms is developed. The computational time of the new algorithm and some commonly used algorithms are compared for the damped nonlinear problem, which shows the efficiency advantage of the double explicit algorithm. Through theoretical analysis and numerical examples, the relationship between the integral parameters and the accuracy and stability of the algorithm is studied. It is shown that the accuracy and stability of a family of algorithms are contradictory attributes and can not reach the best at the same time. At the same time, suggestions are given for the selection of integral parameters under different conditions in the dynamic calculation of structures. 2. Based on discrete transfer function, the dynamic analysis model of two-degree-of-freedom RTDHT system considering numerical integration algorithm, hysteresis of loading system and displacement compensation algorithm is established. The stability of the new algorithm under the condition of hysteresis and compensation is studied by the root locus method. The results show that the hysteresis and compensation are the key factors to determine the stability limit of the RTDHT system, and the difference of the stability of the algorithm in the pure numerical condition has little effect on the frequency limit of the structure. Therefore, the subalgorithms which have advantages in accuracy and computational efficiency are more suitable for RTDHT experiments. The stability limit of the root locus analysis is verified by a two-layer frame RTDHT test. It shows that the theoretical analysis method has enough precision to guide the model design in the actual test. 3. In order to measure the feedback force of non-rigid frame structures such as tuned liquid damper (Tuned liquid damper,), a new type of feedback force measuring device is designed. The vibration table RTDHT system of Tsinghua University is improved by introducing a new algorithm and a new measuring device. For a double-layer frame structure controlled by TLD, the RTDHT test and the conventional shaking table test are carried out respectively. The results of the two test methods are in good agreement with each other, which indicates that the new test system has a high accuracy and can be used to study the vibration absorption performance of TLD. 4. Based on the advantage that RTDHT can adjust the parameters of numerical substructures at will, the vibration absorption performance of different floor structures by TLD is studied. It is found that under the same mass ratio, TLD is more suitable for the vibration absorption and energy dissipation of high-rise building structures. Taking high-rise structures as an example, the effects of different mass ratio, different damping ratio and different seismic wave input on the effectiveness of TLD are studied.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU311.3

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