长三角地区办公建筑全生命周期碳排放研究

发布时间：2018-11-19 16:44

【摘要】：在全球变暖的大背景下,二氧化碳作为温室气体的主要成分,其排放量的控制成为国内外研究的重点。而建筑业的发展带动了钢铁、水泥等相关基础行业的发展,消耗大量能源的同时,对环境的影响也日益严重,因此,建筑碳排放的来源分析和定量计算具有重大的研究意义。本文基于全生命周期评价理论,逐一地分析建筑从建材的生产直至最后拆除的整个过程中碳排放的来源和影响因子,梳理出相应清单数据,并通过实例的计算过程说明了清单数据库的应用方法。主要内容包括以下几个方面：综述了生命周期评价理论和国内外建筑碳排放的研究进展,总结了建筑全生命周期碳排放的三种计算方法,对其中的排放系数法进行了深入的研究,梳理出各阶段对应的活动数据和排放因子。确定了长三角地区建筑全生命周期碳排放核算的能源生命周期边界和建筑生命周期边界,并整理出能源电力碳排放清单。将建筑全生命周期划分为建材生产、建材运输、建造施工、运营使用、建筑拆除五个阶段,多方面收集不同阶段的详细碳排放数据。从不同材料生产工艺和生产线着手,研究各种工艺过程产出材料的碳排放因子,并按照统一标准重新换算,获取建材生产阶段数据；比较分析五种常见运输方式,选取最适合长三角地区建材运输的方式,得出建材运输阶段数据：根据获取施工资料详细程度不同,建筑结构和施工工艺不同,从机械设备、建造流程、施工工艺三种角度,梳理建造施工阶段数据；综合考虑设备使用耗电和构建维护更新两个因素,研究运营使用阶段数据；借鉴台湾学者的回归公式,结合大陆学者案例研究的成果,给出建筑拆除阶段数据的估算方法；从而建立起更加完善的建筑全生命周期碳排放清单数据库。以东南大学逸夫建筑馆为例,根据文中提出的方法计算了其全生命周期的二氧化碳排放量,并根据结果分析了各阶段碳排放占比,总结了建筑全生命周期碳排放情况。
[Abstract]:In the context of global warming, carbon dioxide as the main component of greenhouse gases, the control of its emissions has become the focus of research at home and abroad. The development of the construction industry has driven the development of iron and steel, cement and other related basic industries, consuming a lot of energy, but also increasingly serious impact on the environment. Therefore, the source analysis and quantitative calculation of carbon emissions from buildings has great significance. Based on the whole life cycle evaluation theory, this paper analyzes the source and influence factors of carbon emissions from the production of building materials to the final demolition one by one, and sorts out the corresponding inventory data. The application method of the list database is explained through the calculation process of an example. The main contents are as follows: the life cycle assessment theory and the research progress of building carbon emissions at home and abroad are reviewed, and three calculation methods of building life cycle carbon emissions are summarized. The emission coefficient method is studied, and the corresponding activity data and emission factors are sorted out. The energy life cycle boundary and building life cycle boundary of the whole life cycle carbon emission accounting of buildings in the Yangtze River Delta are determined, and the carbon emission inventory of energy and power is sorted out. The whole life cycle of the building is divided into five stages: building materials production, building materials transportation, construction, operation and use, and building demolition. The detailed carbon emission data of different stages are collected from many aspects. Starting from different production processes and production lines, the carbon emission factors of the materials produced in various processes are studied, and the data of the production stage of building materials are obtained according to the unified standard. By comparing and analyzing five kinds of common transportation modes, selecting the most suitable way for building materials transportation in Yangtze River Delta, the data of building materials transportation stage are obtained: according to the different details of construction materials, the construction structure and construction technology are different, from the mechanical equipment, Construction process, construction technology three angles, combing the construction phase data; Considering the two factors of equipment power consumption and construction maintenance renewal, the paper studies the data of operation and use phase, draws lessons from the regression formula of Taiwan scholars, and gives the estimation method of building demolition stage data according to the results of the case study of mainland scholars. Thus, a more perfect carbon inventory database for the whole life cycle of buildings is established. Taking the Yifu Building Hall of Southeast University as an example, the carbon dioxide emissions from the whole life cycle of the building are calculated according to the method proposed in this paper, and the carbon emissions in each stage are analyzed according to the results, and the situation of the carbon emissions in the whole life cycle of the building is summarized.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TU243;TU111.195

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