基于军事防御的中国境内高句丽城池研究

发布时间：2018-11-29 09:35

【摘要】：本文是基于军事防御对中国境内高句丽城池进行的研究。从史书记载、考古报考、地图资料、田野调查等方面入手对研究对象本体(中国境内的高句丽城池)进行分析,从而得出了中国境内的高句丽城池防御设施的单体、以及群体布局的一些特征。进而分析形成这些特征的原因,以及这些特征对高句丽军事防御的意义所在。首先,以城池单体的分析来看,其选址是以河流、交通因素,同时兼顾地理环境(山势、地形、水源城内水源等)因素为导向的选址结果；城池形态方面,不拘泥于形式,随山就势、筑断为城；防御设施方面,城墙部分充分利用自然条件,以人工城墙和天然城墙相结合的方式围筑城墙。城门位置的选择除了顾及出入便捷性,更重视防御,多有瓮城辅之,瓮城的形式丰富多样,不同于中原平地城形制规整的瓮城形制。城内的兵营多为半穴居状态的居住址,充分体现了高句丽人对抗东北地区冬季恶劣的自然条件的解决办法。晾望台多选在城内制高点,便于对外观察以及对内指挥。从城池单体的几个方面来看,高句丽城池以军事防御为主的筑城理念显露无疑。其次,以城池布局的分析来看,中国境内高句丽城池布局形成了“一边”、“一岛”“两条线”、“两王畿”的布局形式。一边”即辽东一线高句丽的西部边界,此处主要防御中原王朝的陆路进攻；“一岛”是辽东半岛,此处主要防御中原王朝海陆方向的进攻；“两条线”主要是高句丽“南、北二道”的防御,这里是通往高句丽早、中期都城桓仁地区、集安地区的疆域腹地交通要道；“两王畿”即桓仁地区的五女山山城和集安地区的国内城和丸都山城,此处为两处王畿的最后防线。这四个部分相互依托形成了中国境内高句丽的城池防御布局形式。最后,关于这种城池布局对高句丽防御中原王朝(特别是隋唐二朝)的意义：尽管高句丽城池布局以丰富的形式、完善的构架、极强的整体性展示在中国境内,但是,面对强大的隋唐二朝,这种成熟的城池防御设施也只是延缓了其灭亡的脚步。
[Abstract]:This paper is based on the military defense of the Koguryo city in China. From the historical records, archaeological registration, map data, field investigation and other aspects of the research object Noumenon (the Koguryo city in China), the author obtained the single unit of the Koguryo city defense facilities in China. And some characteristics of group layout. Then it analyzes the reasons for these characteristics and their significance to Koguryo's military defense. Firstly, according to the analysis of city pool, the location is based on the factors of river, traffic and geographical environment (mountain, terrain, water source etc.). In the form of city pool, it is not restricted to form, and it is broken into a city with the tendency of mountain. In defense facilities, the part of city wall makes full use of natural conditions, and the city wall is built by the combination of artificial wall and natural wall. In addition to the convenient access, more attention to defense, more vat city auxiliary, the form of vat city is rich and diverse, which is different from the central plain flat city. The barracks in the city are mostly semi-burrowing residential sites, which fully reflects the solution of the Koguryo people against the harsh natural conditions in the Northeast in winter. Air-hanging platform in the city to choose the commanding high point, easy to external observation and internal command. From several aspects of the monolithic city, Koguryo's concept of building a city based on military defense is unmistakable. Secondly, according to the analysis of city layout, the layout of Koguryo city in China has formed the form of "one side", "one island", "two lines" and "two Wang Ji". "one side" is the western border of Koguryo in the eastern Liaoning line, where the main defense is the overland attack of the Central Plains Dynasty, and the "one Island" is the Liaodong Peninsula, where the main defense is the attack of the Central Plains Dynasty in the direction of land and sea. "two lines" is mainly the defense of Koguryo "South, North, two Road", this is leading to Koguryo early, the middle capital Huanren area, Ji'an area of the hinterland traffic; "two Wang Ji" is the Huanren area of WuNushan Mountain City and Ji'an area of the domestic city and Maru Hill City, here is the last line of defense of the two Wang Ji. These four parts rely on each other to form the city defense layout form of Koguryo in China. Finally, the significance of the city layout to Koguryo's defense of the Central Plains, especially the Sui and Tang dynasties: although Koguryo's city layout is displayed in China in a rich form, a perfect framework, and a very strong integrity, In the face of the powerful Sui and Tang dynasties, the mature city defense facilities only delayed its demise.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU-098.1

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