个体防护用口罩的过滤材料净化PM2.5特性的试验研究
发布时间：2018-12-08 12:17
【摘要】：环境空气质量与人体健康密切相关,携带各种病菌的颗粒物已成为首要污染物,对室内外净化颗粒物技术的研究势在必行。目前室内控制技术主要是空气净化器,但在实际运行中已有的净化技术和产品普遍存在着阻力过大、能耗过高、有害副产品造成二次污染等问题,因此“十二五”国家支撑课题提出研究适合净化PM10、PM2.5的低阻高效滤料。个体防护用口罩是以人体呼吸力(一般为30-50Pa)为净化动力,相对目前最低要求的高效过滤器初阻力限值(190Pa)具有低阻特性。本文通过研究口罩滤料净化PM2.5的特性寻找低阻高效滤料,以达到净化PM2.5和节能的目的。 作为测试的环境气溶胶背景浓度,调查了上海市2008～2012年空气质量和2013年月空气质量和颗粒物情况。对上海市不同天气情况下市区和郊区PM2.5浓度进行了测试,结果显示同一天气情况下,郊区较市区空气质量好；而不同天气情况下同一地区PM2.5浓度不同。 针对本课题口罩滤料性能的测试要求搭建了静态口罩滤料过滤性能测试台,主要采用美国TSl8530型DustTrakTM Ⅱ气溶胶智能检测仪测试滤料前后的PM2.5质量浓度,TSl9555-P型风速压力仪测试滤料前后压降。测试了三类9种口罩：A类棉质口罩,B类无纺布口罩及C类含静电层口罩,结果显示A类棉质口罩滤料的过滤效率和阻力均较低,分别为17.9%～50.3%和2.3～291.1Pa；B类无纺布口罩滤料的过滤效率及阻力均较A类高,分别为34.3%～82.7%和10.4～563.0Pa；C类口罩滤料的过滤效率最高为87.1%～99.9%,且随过滤流量的增大,过滤效率均在85%以上,阻力范围为20.6～1060.4Pa。综合口罩滤料的过滤效率和阻力来看,目前市售口罩不是效率低就是阻力高,在呼吸流量大于30L/min时,难以同时满足人体对呼吸舒适性和洁净空气的需求。 测试了五种克重厚度“纱布+驻极体滤料”新型组合滤料对PM2.5的净化过滤特性,结果显示：当呼吸流量低于30L/min时,T70滤料性能最好；当呼吸流量大于30L/min时,T200滤料的性能最好,存在着最佳滤料厚度(或范围)值。对比目前市售口罩滤料与“纱布+驻极体滤料”新型组合滤料的综合性能发现,驻极体滤料具有高效低阻特性。应用建筑环境空气过滤器的性能要求对新型组合滤料净化PM2.5的性能进行可行性对比分析,结果显示在各自风速工作范围内,五种厚度滤料的过滤效率均满足相应要求；就过滤阻力来看,满足初效滤料初阻力要求(≤50Pa)的有T70和T100,满足中效滤料初阻力要求(≤80Pa)的有T70、T100、T150和T200,五种滤料均满足高效滤料初阻力(≤190Pa)要求。可用于解决目前滤料存在的低效或高阻问题。
[Abstract]:The ambient air quality is closely related to human health. Particulate matter carrying various bacteria has become the primary pollutant. It is imperative to study the indoor and outdoor purification technology of particulate matter. At present, the main indoor control technology is air purifier. However, the existing purification technologies and products in actual operation have many problems, such as excessive resistance, excessive energy consumption, secondary pollution caused by harmful by-products, etc. Therefore, the research on low resistance and high efficiency filter media suitable for purifying PM10,PM2.5 is put forward. The respirator for personal protection is based on the human breathing power (generally 30-50Pa) as the purification power, which has low resistance characteristics compared with the minimum required initial resistance limit (190Pa) of the high efficient filter (190Pa) at present. In order to purify PM2.5 and save energy, low resistance and high efficiency filter media were found by studying the characteristics of PM2.5 purification with mask filter media. The background concentration of ambient aerosol in Shanghai from 2008 to 2012 and the air quality and particulate matter in 2013 were investigated. The concentration of PM2.5 in urban area and suburb of Shanghai is tested under different weather conditions. The results show that the air quality of suburb is better than that of urban area under the same weather condition, but the concentration of PM2.5 is different in the same area under different weather conditions. In order to meet the requirement of testing the filter media performance of the mask, a static filter material filter performance test bench was built. The PM2.5 concentration before and after the filter media was measured by TSl8530 DustTrakTM 鈪，
本文编号：2368335
[Abstract]:The ambient air quality is closely related to human health. Particulate matter carrying various bacteria has become the primary pollutant. It is imperative to study the indoor and outdoor purification technology of particulate matter. At present, the main indoor control technology is air purifier. However, the existing purification technologies and products in actual operation have many problems, such as excessive resistance, excessive energy consumption, secondary pollution caused by harmful by-products, etc. Therefore, the research on low resistance and high efficiency filter media suitable for purifying PM10,PM2.5 is put forward. The respirator for personal protection is based on the human breathing power (generally 30-50Pa) as the purification power, which has low resistance characteristics compared with the minimum required initial resistance limit (190Pa) of the high efficient filter (190Pa) at present. In order to purify PM2.5 and save energy, low resistance and high efficiency filter media were found by studying the characteristics of PM2.5 purification with mask filter media. The background concentration of ambient aerosol in Shanghai from 2008 to 2012 and the air quality and particulate matter in 2013 were investigated. The concentration of PM2.5 in urban area and suburb of Shanghai is tested under different weather conditions. The results show that the air quality of suburb is better than that of urban area under the same weather condition, but the concentration of PM2.5 is different in the same area under different weather conditions. In order to meet the requirement of testing the filter media performance of the mask, a static filter material filter performance test bench was built. The PM2.5 concentration before and after the filter media was measured by TSl8530 DustTrakTM 鈪，
本文编号：2368335
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