混凝土泵车臂架系统结构动态特性分析及减振研究

发布时间：2018-12-27 20:55

【摘要】：混凝土泵车是集混凝土泵送、输送、布料及浇注于一体的建筑机械，是现代基础设施建设领域中不可或缺的工程机械之一。臂架系统作为混凝土泵车的核心组成部分，是评价泵车整车性能的主要考察目标。随着泵车向长臂架、大排量、低能耗、高性能方向发展，臂架系统振动分析研究已成为混凝土泵车减振研究中一个非常重要的研究方向和发展趋势。相关混凝土泵车臂架系统振动方面的研究已涵盖了臂架结构新材料的开发、臂架系统动力学仿真研究、有限元参数化分析设计、智能协调控制等方面。本文在结合国内外臂架系统有关振动方面研究的基础之上，从分析、优化臂架结构动态特性出发，以某型45m混凝土泵车作为研究对象，结合CAE技术，运用Pro/E、HyperMesh、Ansys等软件，对臂架全伸水平工况进行动态性能分析优化及减振研究。主要研究工作和研究成果如下： ①在查阅了大量有关臂架系统振动研究的文献之后，详细阐述了混凝土泵车国内外发展概况、发展趋势、相关研究现状及本课题的主要研究内容和意义。 ②建立了混凝土泵车臂架系统的有限元模型，并根据其泵送作业的边界条件和工作载荷，进行了臂架结构静强度分析。基于静强度分析结果，通过分析臂架系统应力分布图，获得了臂架系统各节臂、部件的危险区域及臂架在该工况下的应力分布、变形情况，探讨了产生局部应力集中的原因及解决办法，为臂架系统结构改型、优化及后续章节的臂架系统减振研究提供了数据参考。 ③基于动力学模态分析基本理论，对泵车臂架系统全伸水平工况进行模态分析，，掌握了该工况下臂架系统的固有频率分布范围及各节臂的振动情况，为臂架系统结构动态特性优化研究打下基础。 ④基于臂架系统的静力学、动力学分析结果，以提高臂架结构低阶固有频率、减小臂架系统振动为目的，通过修改臂架系统的振动性能参数，拟定多个臂板厚度修改方案，通过有限元软件对该工况下臂架系统进行振动分析，以臂架末端观测节点的位移、速度、加速度的时间历程变化为评价依据，就是否达到减振目的等问题比较出最佳方案，探寻改变结构实现减振的规律。
[Abstract]:Concrete pump car is a kind of construction machinery which integrates concrete pumping, conveying, distributing and pouring. It is one of the indispensable construction machinery in the field of modern infrastructure construction. As the core part of concrete pump vehicle, boom system is the main objective to evaluate the performance of pump vehicle. With the development of pump vehicle towards long boom, large displacement, low energy consumption and high performance, the vibration analysis of boom system has become a very important research direction and development trend in the research of concrete pump vehicle vibration reduction. The research on the vibration of the boom system of the concrete pump vehicle has covered the development of new materials for the boom structure, the dynamic simulation of the boom system, the finite element parameterized analysis and design, the intelligent coordinated control and so on. In this paper, based on the research on vibration of boom system at home and abroad, based on the analysis and optimization of the dynamic characteristics of boom structure, taking a 45m concrete pump car as the research object, combining with CAE technology, using Pro/E,HyperMesh, The dynamic performance analysis, optimization and vibration reduction of the full extension level of the boom are carried out by Ansys and other softwares. The main research work and research results are as follows: 1 after consulting a large number of literature on the vibration research of boom system, the development situation and development trend of concrete pump car at home and abroad are described in detail. Related research status and the main research content and significance of this subject. (2) the finite element model of the boom system of concrete pump vehicle is established, and the static strength analysis of the boom structure is carried out according to the boundary conditions and working load of the pumping system. Based on the results of static strength analysis, the stress distribution and deformation of the boom system are obtained by analyzing the stress distribution diagram of the boom system, and the dangerous area of the arm and components, and the stress distribution and deformation of the boom under the same working condition. The causes and solutions of local stress concentration are discussed, which provides a data reference for the structural modification, optimization and vibration reduction of the boom system in the following chapters. (3) based on the basic theory of dynamic modal analysis, modal analysis is carried out on the full extension horizontal condition of the boom system of the pump car, and the natural frequency distribution range of the boom system and the vibration of each joint arm are grasped under this condition. It lays a foundation for the optimization of the structural dynamic characteristics of the boom system. (4) based on the static and dynamic analysis results of the boom system, in order to improve the low order natural frequency of the boom structure and reduce the vibration of the boom system, through modifying the vibration performance parameters of the boom system, the modification scheme of the thickness of the multi-arm plate is drawn up. The vibration of the boom system under this condition is analyzed by the finite element software. Based on the change of displacement, velocity and acceleration of the joints observed at the end of the boom, the optimal scheme is compared on whether to achieve the purpose of vibration reduction or not. To explore the law of vibration reduction by changing the structure.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU646

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