基于修正引力模型的乡级农村居民点空间布局优化研究
发布时间：2019-01-06 16:54
【摘要】：长期以来，我国农村居民点空间布局存在着数量多，分布广，规模小的特征，而农村居民点空间布局分散低效的格局在很大程度上制约着区域社会经济的可持续发展，如何解决农村居民点空间布局紊乱，充分挖掘其内部潜力，从而实现农村居民点发展由外延扩张向内涵发展的转变、统筹城乡一体化发展是当亟待解决的问题。 另一方面，引力模型作为分析不同地区空间相互作用的核心工具，被广泛应用于经济地理和区域地理学研究分析中，将引力模型根据农村居民点特点进行修正，可以为农村居民点空间优化布局提供一定的科学依据。 本文在此基础上，选取鄱阳县团林乡作为研究区域，探讨农村居民点空间相互关系，分析农村居民点改进引力模型的特点、要素、计算方法，对引力模型中质量和距离两个参数进行重构和修正，最后测算农村居民点引力值并根据引力值分级结果提出相应的空间布局优化策略。研究表明： （1）综合应用GIS空间分析方法和AHP层次分析法，从自然条件、经济基础、社会生活、政策影响四个方面构建的团林乡农村居民点引力质量综合评价指标体系，改进了引力模型中引力质量的计算方法，可以较全面地测算出团林乡农村居民点的引力质量和11个行政村中心的引力质量，研究所得其值大多分布在21-52之间； （2）通过构建团林乡交通路网数据集，引入OD矩阵可以便捷准确地测算每个农村居民点到11个行政村中心的路网距离，以替代引力模型中的简单直线距离。研究所得每个农村居民点各生成11条到行政村中心之间的路径，总共1573条路径，使引力模型在农村居民点空间相互作用方面的研究更具实践性和操作性。 （3）利用质量参数和距离参数修正后的引力模型能够很好的支持农村居民点空间布局与结构优化研究。根据空间作用引力值，最终确定团林乡农村居民点优先发展型15个、保留挖潜型78个、缩并衰亡型50个，并提出相应的调控方向，，给新农村建设和农村土地整治过程中的迁村并点提供了参考。 （4）农村居民点是一个相互影响、相互联系的经济社会生态共同体，在区域范围内表现为集镇、中心村与附近的基层村相互吸引的一个有机网络。引力模型在地理学和区域经济学中发挥着重要的理论支撑，可以很好地用来模拟农村居民点用地空间结构中相关要素之间的联系强弱，为农村居民点空间布局优化分析提供有力支持。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the spatial distribution of rural residential areas in China has the characteristics of large number, wide distribution and small scale, while the pattern of scattered spatial distribution and low efficiency of rural residential areas largely restricts the sustainable development of regional social economy. How to solve the disorder of spatial distribution of rural residential areas, fully tap its internal potential, so as to realize the transformation of rural residential development from extension expansion to connotation development, as well as the integration of urban and rural development is an urgent problem to be solved. On the other hand, the gravity model, as the core tool for analyzing the spatial interaction between different regions, is widely used in the research and analysis of economic geography and regional geography, and the gravity model is modified according to the characteristics of rural settlements. It can provide some scientific basis for the optimization of rural residential space layout. On this basis, this paper selects Tuanlin Township of Poyang County as the research area, discusses the spatial relationship of rural residential areas, and analyzes the characteristics, elements and calculation methods of the improved gravity model of rural residential areas. This paper reconstructs and modifies the two parameters of mass and distance in the gravity model, and finally calculates the gravity value of rural residential areas and puts forward the corresponding spatial layout optimization strategy according to the gradation results of gravity values. The results show that: (1) GIS spatial analysis method and AHP analytic hierarchy process are used synthetically, from natural conditions, economic basis, social life, The comprehensive evaluation index system of gravity quality in rural residential areas of Tuanlin Township has been constructed in four aspects of policy influence, and the calculation method of gravity mass in gravity model has been improved. The gravity mass of rural residential areas in Tuanlin Township and the gravity mass of 11 administrative villages can be calculated comprehensively, and the results show that most of the values are between 21-52; (2) by constructing the traffic network data set of Tuanlin Township, the distance between each rural residential area and the center of 11 administrative villages can be calculated conveniently and accurately by introducing OD matrix to replace the simple straight line distance in gravity model. In this paper, 11 paths from each rural residential area to the center of the administrative village are generated, with a total of 1573 paths, which makes the study of the spatial interaction of rural residential areas more practical and operational. (3) the modified gravity model with mass parameter and distance parameter can support the optimization of spatial layout and structure of rural residential area. According to the value of space action gravity, it is determined that the rural residential areas in Tuanlin Township have 15 priority development types, 78 reserved potential types, 50 shrinking and decaying types, and the corresponding control directions are put forward. For the new rural construction and rural land renovation process of the relocation of the point to provide a reference. (4) the rural residential area is an economic, social and ecological community which affects each other and interrelates with each other. In the regional scope, it is shown as an organic network which attracts each other between the central village and the nearby grass-roots village. Gravity model plays an important role in geography and regional economics. It can be used to simulate the relationship between the related elements in the spatial structure of rural residential land. For the rural residential area spatial layout optimization analysis to provide the strength support.
【学位授予单位】：江西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU982.29
本文编号：2403065
[Abstract]:For a long time, the spatial distribution of rural residential areas in China has the characteristics of large number, wide distribution and small scale, while the pattern of scattered spatial distribution and low efficiency of rural residential areas largely restricts the sustainable development of regional social economy. How to solve the disorder of spatial distribution of rural residential areas, fully tap its internal potential, so as to realize the transformation of rural residential development from extension expansion to connotation development, as well as the integration of urban and rural development is an urgent problem to be solved. On the other hand, the gravity model, as the core tool for analyzing the spatial interaction between different regions, is widely used in the research and analysis of economic geography and regional geography, and the gravity model is modified according to the characteristics of rural settlements. It can provide some scientific basis for the optimization of rural residential space layout. On this basis, this paper selects Tuanlin Township of Poyang County as the research area, discusses the spatial relationship of rural residential areas, and analyzes the characteristics, elements and calculation methods of the improved gravity model of rural residential areas. This paper reconstructs and modifies the two parameters of mass and distance in the gravity model, and finally calculates the gravity value of rural residential areas and puts forward the corresponding spatial layout optimization strategy according to the gradation results of gravity values. The results show that: (1) GIS spatial analysis method and AHP analytic hierarchy process are used synthetically, from natural conditions, economic basis, social life, The comprehensive evaluation index system of gravity quality in rural residential areas of Tuanlin Township has been constructed in four aspects of policy influence, and the calculation method of gravity mass in gravity model has been improved. The gravity mass of rural residential areas in Tuanlin Township and the gravity mass of 11 administrative villages can be calculated comprehensively, and the results show that most of the values are between 21-52; (2) by constructing the traffic network data set of Tuanlin Township, the distance between each rural residential area and the center of 11 administrative villages can be calculated conveniently and accurately by introducing OD matrix to replace the simple straight line distance in gravity model. In this paper, 11 paths from each rural residential area to the center of the administrative village are generated, with a total of 1573 paths, which makes the study of the spatial interaction of rural residential areas more practical and operational. (3) the modified gravity model with mass parameter and distance parameter can support the optimization of spatial layout and structure of rural residential area. According to the value of space action gravity, it is determined that the rural residential areas in Tuanlin Township have 15 priority development types, 78 reserved potential types, 50 shrinking and decaying types, and the corresponding control directions are put forward. For the new rural construction and rural land renovation process of the relocation of the point to provide a reference. (4) the rural residential area is an economic, social and ecological community which affects each other and interrelates with each other. In the regional scope, it is shown as an organic network which attracts each other between the central village and the nearby grass-roots village. Gravity model plays an important role in geography and regional economics. It can be used to simulate the relationship between the related elements in the spatial structure of rural residential land. For the rural residential area spatial layout optimization analysis to provide the strength support.
【学位授予单位】：江西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU982.29
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