江南地区乡村住宅设计与建造研究

发布时间：2019-02-16 14:00

【摘要】：江南地区传统民居以特定的自然条件和独有的文化传承形成了别具一格的建筑风貌。随着社会体制的不断变革,江南地区乡村住宅在设计构思与施工技术上均面临着应对新要求所需的适应性革新。此类型住宅演变至今,其周期性规律有章可循,其中社会物质条件与施工技术水平在地域性文脉传承的基础上亦对这种演变产生着不可逆的影响。对江南民居发展历程的研究有利于深入探究其在当代环境下的成因及趋势。基于对江南乡村住宅在时代背景下设计策略与施工技术的关注,本文以江南传统民居的周期性变迁规律为出发点,深入挖掘形式衍变下功能需求与公众审美对其产生的驱动作用。通过对乡村住宅设计、施工方法的进一步研究、剖析、归纳,展开对该地区乡村住宅空间系统和建筑职能的全面性解读。首先,从时代发展的角度定位江南民居的物质与精神层面特有价值,界定了本文江南地区乡村住宅的研究范畴、研究目的和研究意义;在此基础上,从建筑外部形态、内部功能需求、建筑与自然结合等方面探究此类住宅在当今时代背景下的设计策略,进而从住宅的自建规律、空间的传统回归理念与技术的生态营造手段的角度定位其在设计层面上的影响因素与结构布局。其次,以江南乡村住宅的营造施工方式为切入点,深入探讨建立在对传统建造秩序充分尊重之上的建造材料及施工工艺在不同时期的特征要素,同时结合营造活动中户主、建筑师、工匠三方参与者的相互关系,剖析在乡村共同体的产生过程中,不同角色参与决策与引导对建造结果产生的利弊影响。最后,在充分研究并总结了江南地区乡村住宅当代设计营造策略一般规律的基础上,作者以自己参与设计施工的乡村住宅项目为例,从遵循地域文化特征、满足业主生活功能需求、融合自然共生理念三个方面解析设计的逻辑原则与导引方向,从择地、设计到成本核算的初步设计流程完全契合前文所述的此类建筑设计营造要义,并将理论作为实践的先导,找到二者在学术研究意义上的平衡点。
[Abstract]:The traditional residential buildings in the south of the Yangtze River form a unique architectural style with special natural conditions and unique cultural heritage. With the continuous change of social system, rural houses in the south of the Yangtze River are facing the adaptive innovation needed to meet the new requirements in design conception and construction technology. So far, there are some rules to follow in the evolution of this type of residence, in which the social material conditions and construction technology level have irreversibly influenced the evolution on the basis of regional cultural heritage. The research on the development course of the residential houses in the south of the Yangtze River is conducive to further exploring its causes and trends in the contemporary environment. Based on the attention paid to the design strategy and construction technology of rural residential buildings in the south of the Yangtze River under the background of the times, this paper starts with the periodic changes of the traditional houses in the south of the Yangtze River. Deeply excavate the function demand and the public aesthetic to it under the development of the form. Through the further study, analysis and induction of rural housing design and construction methods, the comprehensive interpretation of the space system and architectural functions of rural housing in this area is carried out. First of all, from the point of view of the development of the times, this paper defines the research scope, purpose and significance of the rural residential house in Jiangnan area by locating the specific value of the material and spiritual aspects of the residential building in the south of the Yangtze River. On this basis, from the external form of building, internal functional requirements, the combination of architecture and nature and other aspects of the design strategy of this kind of housing in the context of the times, and then from the building of the law of housing, The traditional regression concept of space and the ecological construction means of technology are used to locate the influence factors and structure layout on the design level. Secondly, taking the construction mode of rural residence in the south of the Yangtze River as the starting point, the characteristic elements of the construction materials and construction technology in different periods based on full respect for the traditional construction order are discussed in depth, and at the same time, the heads of household in the construction activities are combined. The relationship between architects and craftsmen, and the influence of different roles on the construction result in the process of village community. Finally, on the basis of studying and summing up the general law of the contemporary design and construction strategy of rural residence in Jiangnan area, the author takes the rural housing project that he participated in the design and construction as an example to follow the regional cultural characteristics. To meet the needs of the owners' living function, to analyze the logical principles and guiding directions of the design from the three aspects of the concept of natural symbiosis, from site selection, design to cost accounting, the preliminary design flow is fully in line with the construction essentials of such architectural design described above. And take the theory as the forerunner of practice, and find the balance point of the two in the academic research sense.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU241.4

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