大跨度屋盖结构的几种选型对比和改进

发布时间：2019-05-11 17:46

【摘要】：随着科技的日益发展,建筑的形式和功能都起到了翻天覆地的变化。大跨空间结构作为当今全世界发展最快的结构类型,代表着一个国家建筑科技的总体水平。大跨结构区分于传统结构的重要特征是其跨度很大,有的甚至达到几百米,这时为了满足要求,就需要结构有受力性能更好、更合理的空间体系。此外,大跨度建筑的经济合理,整体刚度大,外形优美,都得到了人们的青睐。本文特选择三种常见的大跨度屋盖形式：平板网架,立体管桁和预应力张弦结构,来进行对比分析,比较系统地对三种结构的空间形式、受力特性和经济指标进行了详细地阐述；并针对张弦结构的缺点进行了针对性的改进,提出了一种新颖的结构样式改进措施。首先,以国内外的相关文献为指导,本文回顾了网架、管桁、张弦结构的发展历史、实际应用和研究现状,对各个结构类型的优缺点进行总结和论述。从外形、节点和受力特征上对结构进行对比分析和归纳总结。本文将使用几种商业软件对结构形式进行设计和分析：MSTCAD2008软件处理网架问题,3D3S和SAP2000软件处理管桁问题和张弦问题,并对张弦改进结构进行ANSYS建模处理分析。文中将对涉及到的各种软件的设计原理和设计细节方面进行详细描述,通过各种软件的应用和对结构的详尽分析,得出对工程有实用意义的一些结论,期望给予同行的年轻工程师一些建议和参考。在各种大跨结构发展日趋完善的今天,如何获得经济、合理的结构构型是值得全体设计人员思考的重要问题。在设计过程中,采取何种样式、何种约束条件限制结构的合理受力、如何扬长避短优化各根杆件的作用,是作为一个工程设计优劣的重要评判指标之一。本文第三章对不同类型的结构形式进行分析对比,在已有文献和规范的结论支持上,做出最合理的构件布置,在满足限值约束基础上分析它们的静力性能,比较其经济性指标。第四章在完成结构对比分析和工程设计的基础上,将对改良结构形式进行有限元模拟和受力分析,结果将验证理论优化的可行性与正确性,增强了结构设计的安全性和经济性。论文的最后,将对以上研究内容和分析结论进行整合汇总。大跨空间结构作为一种创新、开放形式的结构类型,今后将取得更科技更优质的改进与创新!
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, the form and function of architecture have changed dramatically. As the fastest developing structural type in the world, long-span spatial structure represents the overall level of building science and technology in a country. The important characteristic of long-span structure distinguished from the traditional structure is that it has a long span, some of which even reach hundreds of meters. In order to meet the requirements, it is necessary for the structure to have better mechanical performance and more reasonable spatial system. In addition, the economy of long-span buildings is reasonable, the overall stiffness is large and the shape is beautiful, all of which have been favored by people. In this paper, three common long-span roof forms, flat grid, three-dimensional pipe truss and prestressed Zhang Xian structure, are selected for comparative analysis, and the spatial forms of the three structures are systematically analyzed. The mechanical characteristics and economic indexes are described in detail. Aiming at the shortcomings of Zhang Xian's structure, a novel structural style improvement measure is put forward. First of all, guided by the relevant literature at home and abroad, this paper reviews the development history, practical application and research status of grid, pipe truss and Zhang Xian structure, and summarizes and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each structural type. The structure is compared and summarized from the shape, joint and stress characteristics. In this paper, several kinds of commercial software will be used to design and analyze the structure: MSTCAD2008 software to deal with grid problem, 3D3S and SAP2000 software to deal with pipe truss problem and Zhang Xian problem, and Zhang Xian's improved structure will be analyzed by ANSYS modeling. In this paper, the design principle and design details of all kinds of software involved will be described in detail. Through the application of various software and the detailed analysis of the structure, some conclusions of practical significance for the project will be drawn. Expect to give some advice and reference to the young engineers of their peers. With the development of all kinds of long-span structures becoming more and more perfect, how to obtain economy and reasonable structure configuration is an important issue worthy of consideration by all designers. In the design process, what kind of style is adopted, what kind of constraints limit the reasonable force of the structure, and how to optimize the function of each member as one of the important evaluation indexes of engineering design. In the third chapter of this paper, the different types of structures are analyzed and compared, and the most reasonable arrangement of components is made on the basis of the conclusions of the existing literature and specifications. Their static performance is analyzed on the basis of satisfying the limit constraints, and their economic indexes are compared. In the fourth chapter, on the basis of structural comparative analysis and engineering design, the finite element simulation and force analysis of the improved structure form will be carried out. the results will verify the feasibility and correctness of the theoretical optimization and enhance the safety and economy of the structural design. At the end of the paper, the above research contents and analysis conclusions will be integrated and summarized. As an innovative and open structure type, long-span spatial structure will achieve more scientific and technological and better quality improvement and innovation in the future!
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU399

【相似文献】