聚苯保温板在温度作用下的变形研究

发布时间：2019-05-12 09:45

【摘要】：建筑外墙外保温技术因其保护结构墙体、节省空间、方便施工等方面的独特优势成为建筑外保温的主流。从1997年我国开始强制实行建筑节能，建筑节能标准从最初的节能30%逐渐过渡到节能50%。随着一些地区开始实施新的居住建筑节能设计标准，我国建筑节能率将达到发达国家先进水平。本文首先测试得到了EPS、XPS保温板的弹性模量、泊松比、线膨胀系数，为有限元分析提供了基本的物理力学参数。利用数值方法研究了建筑外保温墙体一侧处于不同的大气环境温度，另一侧处于室内温度时，墙体内部的温度场分布情况；研究了空气夹层、保温板类型、墙体材料类型等主要因素对建筑外保温墙体内部温度场的影响。另外，选取了保温板分别与混凝土和加气混凝土组成的建筑外保温墙体做为典型代表分析了在不同温度条件下的温度场分布情况，为保温板变形提供了温度边界条件。通过有限元模拟方法得到了不同保温材料在不同的温差条件下保温板内部应变沿板厚度方向的变化规律、温度沿墙体厚度方向的分布规律。由于保温板的变形会引起保温板与基层墙体粘结界面上的粘结应力，，工程中常见由于粘结失效造成外保温破坏。为此通过在ANSYS中建立有限元模型，施加热分析边界条件，得到外保温墙体内部的温度场。在有限元模型上施加结构分析边界条件，将热分析得到的温度场作为体积荷载施加到结构分析模型，得到了应力场。读取界面应力，得到界面上最大应力随温度变化曲线。通过改变模型上的结构边界条件，模拟了保温板与墙体间不同的粘接面积，得到了一定温度作用下温度应力与粘结面积之间的关系曲线。最后试验实测了不同温度条件下两种保温板内部的温度场分布及应变分布。并与有限元模拟结果作对比，分析了结果存在差异的原因。
[Abstract]:The external thermal insulation technology of building exterior wall has become the mainstream of building external insulation because of its unique advantages in protecting structural wall, saving space, convenient construction and so on. Since 1997, building energy saving has been enforced in our country, and the building energy saving standard has gradually transitioned from 30% energy saving to 50% energy saving. With the implementation of new energy saving design standards for residential buildings in some areas, the energy saving rate of buildings in China will reach the advanced level of developed countries. In this paper, the elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio and linear expansion coefficient of EPS,XPS insulation plate are measured, which provides the basic physical and mechanical parameters for finite element analysis. The distribution of temperature field in the wall is studied by numerical method when one side of the thermal insulation wall is in different atmospheric environment temperature and the other side is in the indoor temperature. The effects of air interlayer, insulation board type and wall material type on the internal temperature field of external thermal insulation wall are studied. In addition, the external thermal insulation wall composed of insulation plate, concrete and aerated concrete is selected as the typical representative to analyze the temperature field distribution under different temperature conditions, which provides the temperature boundary condition for the deformation of insulation board. Through the finite element simulation method, the variation law of the internal strain of the insulation plate along the direction of the thickness of the plate and the distribution of temperature along the direction of the thickness of the wall under different temperature difference conditions are obtained. Because the deformation of the insulation plate will cause the bond stress on the bonding interface between the insulation board and the base wall, the external heat preservation failure is often caused by the bond failure in the project. Therefore, the temperature field in the external insulation wall is obtained by establishing the finite element model in ANSYS and analyzing the boundary conditions by heating. The boundary condition of structural analysis is applied to the finite element model, and the temperature field obtained by thermal analysis is applied to the structural analysis model as volume load, and the stress field is obtained. The curve of the maximum stress on the interface with temperature is obtained by reading the interface stress. By changing the structural boundary conditions on the model, the different bonding areas between the insulation plate and the wall are simulated, and the relationship between the temperature stress and the bond area under a certain temperature is obtained. Finally, the temperature field distribution and strain distribution in two kinds of insulation plates under different temperature conditions are measured. The results are compared with those of finite element simulation, and the reasons for the differences are analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU551

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