寒区村镇饮用水输配管道的保温防冻分析

发布时间：2019-05-17 21:37

【摘要】：位于严寒地区的村镇冬季水源温度较低，，冬季冻土深度很大，管道埋深过浅，则管道内部容易发生冻结，埋深过大，则实际工程施工量很大。如何在保证冬季供水管道不发生冻胀的基础上，减小管道的埋深与工程经济投资，是本文需要解决的问题。本文针对以上问题，在分析了影响土壤温度场的不同因素，就适用于北方村镇的给水处理工艺，提出了合理的浅埋管道保温方案，以满足北方村镇冬季供水的要求。首先本对寒区村镇进行实地调研，对大庆市林甸县的土壤温度与土壤导热系数进行了实测，确定了本文所研究村镇的用水量。通过对林甸县供水管道保温的调研发现，很多管道存在冬季冻胀冻裂的问题，借鉴部分城市管道浅埋的方式，提出管道浅埋的保温方式。其次建立寒区埋地管道周围土壤温度场的计算方程，并讨论不同地表温度与土壤含水量的情况下，土壤温度场的变化。分析保温材料导热系数与保温层厚度对管道散热量的影响，这两项是对管道散热量影响很大的两项。管内水温对管道散热量影响也很大，但在本文中，管内水温很低，对管道的散热量影响不大，故不在分析范围内，保温层厚度方面：先通过测定保温材料的力学特性与保温特性，确定出保温材料的各项参数。管道埋深与保温材料的导热系数对保温层厚度的影响很大。随随着材质热导率的增加，所需的保温层厚度越大。在管道埋深较大时，管道埋深和管道外径对保温层厚度影响较大。在确定保温层厚度时，要从管道埋深，保温材料，管径等多方面考虑，以选择最合适的保温层厚度。最后以林甸县某供水管道为原型，进行管道的保温设计。通过计算此地区冻土深度，以及地下水位高度，可以得到管道的埋设深度。并通过量及供水管道管径的计算，得到可行的保温方案。对比计算当管道浅埋加保温层以及管道埋在东土线以下的经济费用。
[Abstract]:The water source temperature of villages and towns located in severe cold area is low in winter, the depth of frozen soil in winter is very large, and the buried depth of pipeline is too shallow, so it is easy to freeze inside the pipeline and the buried depth is too large, so the actual construction quantity of the project is very large. How to reduce the buried depth of the pipeline and the economic investment of the project on the basis of ensuring that the frost heave does not occur in the winter water supply pipeline is the problem that needs to be solved in this paper. In view of the above problems, this paper analyzes the different factors that affect the soil temperature field, and puts forward a reasonable heat preservation scheme of shallow buried pipeline to meet the requirements of winter water supply in northern villages and towns on the basis of the water supply treatment technology suitable for northern villages and towns. Firstly, the field investigation of villages and towns in cold region was carried out, and the soil temperature and soil thermal conductivity in Lindian County of Daqing City were measured, and the water consumption of villages and towns studied in this paper was determined. Through the investigation of the heat preservation of the water supply pipeline in Lindian County, it is found that many pipelines have the problem of frost heave and frost cracking in winter. drawing lessons from the shallow burying mode of some urban pipelines, the heat preservation mode of the shallow buried pipeline is put forward. Secondly, the calculation equation of soil temperature field around buried pipeline in cold region is established, and the change of soil temperature field under different surface temperature and soil water content is discussed. The effects of thermal conductivity and thickness of insulation layer on heat dissipation of pipeline are analyzed, and these two items have great influence on heat dissipation of pipeline. The water temperature in the pipe also has a great influence on the heat dissipation of the pipeline, but in this paper, the water temperature in the pipe is very low and has little effect on the heat dissipation of the pipeline, so it is not in the range of analysis. In the aspect of insulation layer thickness, the parameters of thermal insulation material are determined by measuring the mechanical properties and thermal insulation characteristics of thermal insulation material. The buried depth of the pipeline and the thermal conductivity of the insulation material have a great influence on the thickness of the insulation layer. With the increase of thermal conductivity of the material, the thickness of the insulation layer is larger. When the buried depth of the pipeline is large, the buried depth and the outer diameter of the pipeline have great influence on the thickness of the insulation layer. When determining the thickness of insulation layer, it is necessary to consider the buried depth of pipeline, heat preservation material, pipe diameter and so on in order to select the most suitable thickness of insulation layer. Finally, taking a water supply pipeline in Lindian County as the prototype, the heat preservation design of the pipeline is carried out. By calculating the depth of frozen soil and the height of groundwater level in this area, the buried depth of pipeline can be obtained. Through the calculation of the quantity and the pipe diameter of the water supply pipeline, the feasible heat preservation scheme is obtained. The economic cost of shallow buried insulation layer and pipeline buried below the east soil line is compared and calculated.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU991.38

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