黄河下游引黄灌区地下水重金属分布及健康风险评估

发布时间：2018-10-12 18:05

【摘要】：为了解黄河下游引黄灌区地下水重金属污染水平,在引黄灌区豫、鲁两省采集59个地下水样品,定量分析了11种重金属元素(Ba、Cd、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Mo、Ni、Pb、Se和Zn)的含量及空间分布特征,应用健康风险评价模型评价了地下水中重金属污染所引起的健康风险.结果表明,地下水中Fe和Zn的平均浓度较高,分别为0.496 mg·L-1和0.445 mg·L-1.Fe、Mn、Se和Zn出现超标现象,超标率分别为:27.12%、27.12%、15.25%和5.09%.采用Inverse Distance Weighted插值法得到了黄河下游引黄灌区地下水重中金属含量的空间分布,发现地下水中超标的重金属主要分布在武城县、范县、东阿县、禹城市和冠县等区域.健康风险评价表明,非致癌物质通过饮水途径引起的健康风险高于皮肤暴露,但致癌物质的皮肤暴露致癌风险高于饮水途径.饮水和皮肤暴露途径中,致癌物质的个人年风险均以Cr最大,分别是Cd的7倍和28倍,但二者均低于最大可接受风险水平(5×10-5a-1).非致癌物质(Ba、Cu、Fe、Mn、Mo、Ni、Pb、Se和Zn)的饮用水健康风险集中在1.13×10-9～6.06×10-8a-1,皮肤接触健康风险集中在1.73×10-13～3.46×10-10a-1,均小于最大可接受风险水平.
[Abstract]:In order to understand the level of heavy metal pollution in groundwater of Yellow River irrigation area, 59 groundwater samples were collected in Henan and Shandong provinces. The contents and spatial distribution characteristics of 11 heavy metal elements (Ba,Cd,Cr,Cu,Fe,Mn,Mo,Ni,Pb,Se and Zn) were quantitatively analyzed. The health risk caused by heavy metal pollution in groundwater was evaluated by health risk assessment model. The results show that the average concentrations of Fe and Zn in groundwater are higher, which are 0.496 mg L-1 and 0.445 mg L-1.Feimn se and Zn are in excess of the standard, and the surpassing rates are 27.12% and 5.09%, respectively. The spatial distribution of heavy metals in groundwater in Yellow River irrigation area was obtained by Inverse Distance Weighted interpolation method. It was found that the heavy metals in groundwater were mainly distributed in Wucheng County, Fan County, Donga County, Yucheng County and Guanxian County. The health risk assessment showed that the health risk caused by non-carcinogenic substances through drinking water was higher than that caused by skin exposure, but the carcinogen skin exposure was higher than that of drinking water pathway. In drinking water and skin exposure pathways, the annual risk of carcinogens was the highest in Cr, 7 times and 28 times of Cd, respectively, but both were lower than the maximum acceptable risk level (5 脳 10-5a-1). The health risks of non-carcinogens (Ba,Cu,Fe,Mn,Mo,Ni,Pb,Se and Zn) in drinking water were 1.13 脳 10-9 (6.06 脳 10-8a-1) and 1.73 脳 10-13 (3.46 脳 10-10a-1), respectively, which were lower than the maximum acceptable risk level.
【作者单位】：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：中国科学院“百人计划”项目
【分类号】：X832;X820.4

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