中国计划经济时期货币政策回顾:1952—1978

发布时间：2018-01-01 19:44

本文关键词：中国计划经济时期货币政策回顾:1952—1978　出处：《中国经济史研究》2010年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在计划经济时期,中国实行的是单一银行体制与高度集中的货币信贷管理制度,这是整个计划经济时期货币政策实施的基础环境。单一银行体制下中国人民银行可以通过综合信贷计划直接控制现金发行量和贷款总量,从而控制货币供给量,以实现"保证币值稳定,使流通中的货币与商品量相适应"的货币政策目标。1952—1957年间,中国人民银行以现金发行量作为货币政策目标进行直接调控,对货币政策变量能够有效控制。1958年的信贷管理制度改革,破坏了与单一银行体制相对应的制度安排,导致中国人民银行对贷款总量失控,结果引发严重通胀。1966—1978年间,银行组织机构虽然遭到破坏,但中央仍掌握对信贷的控制权,货币供给没有失控,这期间通过严格管制价格来实现货币政策目标。
[Abstract]:In the period of planned economy, China implemented a single banking system and a highly centralized monetary and credit management system. This is the basic environment for the implementation of monetary policy in the whole planned economy period. Under the single banking system, the people's Bank of China can directly control the amount of cash issuance and the total amount of loans through the comprehensive credit plan, thereby controlling the amount of money supply. In order to achieve "to ensure the stability of the value of the currency, so that the amount of money in circulation and the volume of goods" monetary policy objectives. 1952-1957. The people's Bank of China takes the amount of cash circulation as the monetary policy objective to control the monetary policy variables effectively. The credit management system reform in 1958. It broke the institutional arrangements corresponding to the single banking system, and caused the people's Bank of China to lose control of the total amount of loans. The result was serious inflation. 1966-1978, although the banking organization was destroyed. But the central government still controls credit, the money supply is not out of control, and monetary policy objectives are achieved through tight price controls.
【作者单位】：对外经济贸易大学国际经贸学院;北京农村商业银行;
【分类号】：F822.9
【正文快照】： 在过去的五十多年中,中国经历了从计划经济到市场经济的体制变迁,中国的银行体系也完成了从单一银行体制到中央银行体制的转变。这期间,中国的货币政策在政策工具和政策实施对象等方面都发生了深刻变化。但时至今日,中国的货币政策与发达市场经济国家相比较仍具有诸多不同①

【共引文献】