论宋子文金融改革的思想与实践（1927-1937）

发布时间：2018-01-22 03:04

本文关键词： 宋子文国民政府初期金融改革思想实践活动　出处：《湖南师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：宋子文(1894—1971)是中华民国史上的重要人物,上世纪20年代至40年代,他在财政金融领域发挥了举足轻重的作用。从1927年至1937年,他通过制定金融法规、整理公债、改组银行体系、币制改革等,规划和主持了一系列重要金融改革方案,并予以实施。宋子文有关金融改革方面的论述和实践活动,对整理和重构中国现代金融市场,创建中国第一个现代化货币制度,推动金融机构自身的有序化运作和中国近代金融发展等方面具有特别重要的意义。本文试图从他制定的金融改革政策、措施和论述中,剖析其思想和主张的积极性和局限性。本文由六个部分构成。第一部分是绪论,主要论述宋子文本人的生平经历,并阐述宋子文金融思想研究的最新学术动态和现实意义。第二部分论述他金融改革思想的形成渊源和过程。第三部分论述金融改革思想的内容及特点,包括金融统制思想的内涵、实施的原因及特点,金融机构改革的必要性。金融机构改革的主体部分集中在筹设中央银行、强化其职能地位以及处理央行与财政部的关系这三点上。宋子文通过构建“四行二局”金融垄断体制,集中货币发行权,推行废元改两地区试点,为改革减少阻力,同时也为1935年的币制改革打下必要基础。第四部分论述宋子文金融改革思想落实的具体措施。在宋的主导下,筹建中央银行、组建政府银行系统、构建金融垄断体系,还颁布一系列金融法律法规,解决长期以来困扰国民政府的经费问题,使国民政府无论在国际金融业务还是在国内金融业务方面,都不复受制于异己金融力量,推动了中国金融机构近代化的进程。宋子文推行货币改革,包括整理与集中货币发行权,为政府集中纸币发行扫除障碍；放弃银本位制度,提出的“金汇兑本位”等,为接下来的币制改革提供了一个良好的金融环境。1935年法币政策,树立了健全的金融基础,调节金融的弛张,保证经济的合理发展。第五部分从当时特殊的历史背景出发,粗浅地对改革思想的成效、作用和局限性进行评价。第六部分是结语,对本文进行简单总结,由于种种原因的限制,最终宋子文的金融改革只是一种有限的改革。
[Abstract]:Song Ziwei was an important figure in the history of the Republic of China from -80s to 40s. From 1927 to 1937, he made financial regulations, collated public bonds, restructured the banking system, and reformed the currency system. He has planned and presided over a series of important financial reform plans and implemented them. Song Ziwen's exposition and practical activities on financial reform have sorted out and reconstructed China's modern financial market. It is of great significance to establish the first modern monetary system in China and to promote the orderly operation of financial institutions and the development of modern Chinese finance. This paper tries to analyze the enthusiasm and limitation of his thoughts and propositions from his financial reform policies, measures and expositions. This paper is composed of six parts. The first part is the introduction. It mainly discusses the life experience of Song Ziwen himself. The second part discusses the origin and process of his financial reform thought. The third part discusses the content and characteristics of the financial reform thought. Including the connotation of the idea of financial control, the reasons and characteristics of its implementation, the necessity of the reform of financial institutions, and the main part of the reform of financial institutions is focused on the establishment of central banks. Strengthening its functional status and handling the relationship between the central bank and the Ministry of Finance. Song Ziwen, through the construction of a financial monopoly system of "four banks and two bureaus", centralized the power of currency issuance, and carried out two regional pilot projects of abolishing the yuan and reforming the two regions. To reduce resistance to reform, but also to lay the necessary foundation for the reform of the currency system in 1935. Part 4th discusses the specific measures for the implementation of Song Ziwen's financial reform ideas. Under the guidance of Song Dynasty, the Central Bank is to be set up. Set up the government banking system, build the financial monopoly system, and also promulgate a series of financial laws and regulations, to solve the problem of funding that has plagued the national government for a long time. Both in the international financial business and in the domestic financial business, the national government is no longer subject to foreign financial forces, which has promoted the modernization of Chinese financial institutions. Song Ziwen carried out currency reform. It includes sorting out and centralizing the right to issue currency to remove obstacles for the issuance of centralized government notes; Giving up the silver standard system and putting forward the "gold exchange standard" provided a good financial environment for the following currency system reform. In 1935, the law policy established a sound financial foundation. Adjust the relaxation of finance to ensure the rational development of the economy. Part 5th from the special historical background at that time, a superficial evaluation of the effectiveness, role and limitations of the reform. 6th is the conclusion. In this paper, due to the limitations of various reasons, the financial reform of Song Ziwen is only a limited reform.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F832.9;K263

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