德州市中小企业信贷融资问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-12 10:49

本文关键词： 中小企业信贷融资地方政府　出处：《山东大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：根据国内外学术界研究成果,由于金融机构的信贷供给和中小企业资金需求之间存在着“麦克米伦缺口”,加之金融机构的信贷配给因素、发展中国家的金融抵制政策、银行与企业关系因素、预算的软约束等原因单纯依靠金融市场的内在运行机制,无法自发调节金融机构的信贷供给和中小企业信贷需求之间的矛盾。中小企业信贷融资难是国内外企业界急需解决的现实问题。当前国内外的专家学者选择不同的方向就中小企业信贷融资难的现状、成因、解决方法从理论、体制、机制、环境等方面进行了深入分析,形成了信贷配给、国家金融抑制、基于银企关系的信贷融资、预算软约束与信贷融资等理论,提出加快发展中小信贷机构、加快完善担保体系、降低信贷融资成本等解决方案。在当前发展形势下,以具体区域为目标,深入研究中小企业信贷融资难的成因,有针对性的制定解决中小企业信贷融资问题的政策和措施,并积极开展实践活动,具有重要的现实意义。德州市政府公布了《关于进一步推动全市小企业贷款业务发展的意见》,在完善小企业贷款机制、在支持和引导小企业贷款机构设置、产品创新、客户培育、队伍建设等方面加大投入、优化小企业贷款业务发展环境等方面进行一定探索；德州市银监局对金融部门在加强中小企业信贷融资的制度建设、产品创新、日常管理等方面加强指导；德州工商银行、德州银行等部分金融部门在实际工作中,积极扶持和引导中小企业解决融资难的问题。本论文选取德州市中小企业作为研究对象,按企业基本情况、信贷经历、信贷难的原因等三个方面专门编制了调查问卷,深入企业进行问卷调查,收集整理中小企业信贷融资方面的实际数据,了解中小企业对信贷融资问题的认识和信贷融资现状,对影响中小企业信贷融资的诸因素进行排序,找出当前政治经济环境下影响中小企业信贷融资的主要原因是缺少信贷担保、财务结构不合理、缺少过桥资金、信贷额度不足、附加条件繁多等,为进一步制定政策和措施,解决中小企业信贷融资难题提供有效的依据。从地方政府角度出发,找出与中小企业信贷融资有关地方政府可以控制调整的环节,组织信贷机构开发新型信贷产品,扩大推出无抵押、无担保的贷款品种；提升中小企业财务管理水平,提高中小企业贷款成功率；多种形式建立过桥还贷基金,解决中小企业短期偿债问题；建立完善抵押担保体系建设；引进股份制银行解决中小企业的融资问题；政府在解决中小企业信贷融资方面起到主导作用等方面,制定行之有效的解决方案,为优化地方金融环境、破解中小企业信贷融资难题做些实效性工作。
[Abstract]:According to the results of academic research at home and abroad, due to the "Macmillan gap" between the credit supply of financial institutions and the financial demand of small and medium-sized enterprises, and the credit rationing factors of financial institutions, the developing countries' financial resistance policies, The relationship between banks and enterprises, soft budget constraints and other reasons rely solely on the internal operating mechanism of the financial market. The contradiction between the credit supply of financial institutions and the credit demand of SMEs can not be adjusted spontaneously. The difficulty of SME credit financing is a practical problem that needs to be solved by domestic and foreign enterprises. At present, experts and scholars at home and abroad choose different kinds of problems. Regarding the current situation of credit financing difficulties for small and medium-sized enterprises, The causes and solutions are deeply analyzed from the aspects of theory, system, mechanism, environment and so on. The theories of credit rationing, national financial repression, credit financing based on the relationship between banks and enterprises, soft budget constraints and credit financing are formed. Put forward solutions such as speeding up the development of small and medium-sized credit institutions, speeding up the improvement of the guarantee system, reducing the cost of credit financing, etc. Under the current development situation, taking specific regions as the target, the causes of the difficulties in credit financing for small and medium-sized enterprises are studied in depth. It is of great practical significance to formulate policies and measures to solve the problem of credit financing of small and medium-sized enterprises and to actively carry out practical activities. The Texas Municipal Government has published "opinions on further promoting the Development of small Enterprises' loan Business in the whole city." in improving the lending mechanism for small enterprises, supporting and guiding the establishment of lending institutions for small enterprises, creating new products, and cultivating customers, Increase investment in team building, optimize the development environment of small business loans, etc. Dezhou Banking Regulatory Bureau has made some efforts to strengthen the credit financing system construction and product innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises in the financial sector. In practical work, some financial departments such as Industrial and Commercial Bank of Texas and Bank of Texas actively support and guide small and medium-sized enterprises to solve the problem of financing difficulties. This paper selects the small and medium-sized enterprises of Dezhou as the research object, according to the enterprise basic situation, the credit experience, the credit difficult reason and so on three aspects specially has compiled the questionnaire, carries on the questionnaire survey in the thorough enterprise. Collect and collate the actual data of SMEs' credit financing, understand the understanding of SMEs' credit financing problems and the current situation of credit financing, and sort out the factors that affect the SMEs' credit financing. To find out that the main reasons that affect the credit financing of small and medium-sized enterprises under the current political and economic environment are the lack of credit guarantee, the unreasonable financial structure, the lack of bridge crossing funds, the lack of credit lines and the various additional conditions, etc., in order to further formulate policies and measures, To solve the problem of credit financing for small and medium-sized enterprises to provide an effective basis. From the point of view of local government, find out the link that local government can control adjustment, organize credit institutions to develop new credit products and expand the variety of unsecured and unsecured loans. Improve the level of financial management of small and medium-sized enterprises, improve the success rate of loans for small and medium-sized enterprises; establish a bridge repayment fund in various forms to solve the short-term debt repayment problem of small and medium-sized enterprises; establish and improve the construction of mortgage guarantee system; Introducing joint-stock banks to solve the financing problems of small and medium-sized enterprises; the government plays a leading role in solving the credit financing of small and medium-sized enterprises, and formulates effective solutions in order to optimize the local financial environment. Solve SMEs credit financing problems to do some practical work.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F832.4;F276.3

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