我国林业企业融资问题的探索研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 09:35

本文关键词： 林业林权融资林权抵押贷款　出处：《华中师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来全世界森林资源日渐匮乏,生态居住环境也逐步恶化,林业再次成为社会各界关注的核心,与此同时林业发展对于整体经济发展的重要性也逐渐得以体现。林业行业在前行过程中还需解决两大困境：一是经济发展提高了人民的生活水平,也催生了对森林生态的旺盛需求,虽然近年来的环保措施在局部上改善了生态环境,但是总体来看当前局势仍在恶化；二是紧随着林业重点工程的实施,森林资源的消耗量大大增加,大大刺激了市场对林产品的需求量,林产品供需矛盾进一步激化。所以,林业发展需要统筹多方效益,达成共同促进的愿景。近年来虽然政府加大了对林业的资金投入,但限于财政资金分配,若将中央投入作为发展的立足点,最终会影响林业快速发展的进程。目前林业投入主体仍然是以财政投入为主,外资和社会资本投入明显偏小。一方面,林业经营主体因为林业自身弱质性以及行业经营特点等原因难以达到金融机构信贷条件的要求以及资金获取渠道有限,面临融资困境,只是依赖企业的经营积累和原始股东投入来推动整体林业产业的发展是不切实际的。另一方面,因为供求双方的信息不对称,社会投资者对林业经营特征和产业政策了解不足,难以判断投资的收益与风险水平,加上相关政策配套措施不够完善,缺乏有效保障收益实现的方式的情况下,林业融资发展缓慢。本文对我国林业融资现状进行了分析,找出了部分阻碍林权融资顺利进行的原因,并针对原因加以分析探索可行的解决方法主要得出以下结论：(1)给予适当政策倾斜并建立贷款保险机制用于吸引金融机构参与林权融资的热情；(2)通过完善林木资产评估、健全资产处置制度来规避林权抵押物自身存在的风险；(3)通过完善银林合作,加大政府扶持来降低林权融资的成本；(4)通过创新金融产品来改善森林资源资产抵押率低、抵押期限短的困境；(5)完善多元化融资渠道建设,加快林业资本市场建设能改善林业企业融资水平,拓宽融资渠道(6)创新发展林业保险制度来促进林业保险市场发展。
[Abstract]:In recent years, forest resources in the world are becoming increasingly scarce, ecological living environment is also gradually deteriorating, forestry has once again become the focus of attention of all sectors of society. At the same time, the importance of forestry development to the overall economic development is gradually reflected. There are still two major difficulties that the forestry industry needs to solve in the process of moving forward: first, economic development has improved the living standards of the people. It has also given birth to a strong demand for forest ecology. Although environmental protection measures in recent years have partially improved the ecological environment, overall, the current situation is still deteriorating; second, following the implementation of key forestry projects, The consumption of forest resources has increased greatly, which has greatly stimulated the market demand for forest products and intensified the contradiction between supply and demand of forest products. Achieving a shared vision. Although the government has increased its investment in forestry in recent years, it is limited to the allocation of financial resources, if central investment is used as a foothold for development, It will eventually affect the rapid development of forestry. At present, the main body of forestry investment is still mainly financial investment, foreign capital and social capital investment is obviously small. On the one hand, Because of the weakness of forestry itself and the characteristics of industry management, the main body of forestry management is difficult to meet the requirements of credit conditions of financial institutions and has limited access to funds, so it is faced with financing difficulties. It is impractical to rely only on the business accumulation of enterprises and the input of original shareholders to promote the development of the whole forestry industry. On the other hand, because of the asymmetric information between supply and demand, social investors do not know enough about the characteristics of forestry management and industrial policies. It is difficult to judge the income and risk level of investment, and the relative policy measures are not perfect enough, and lack of effective ways to guarantee the realization of income, the development of forestry financing is slow. This paper analyzes the present situation of forestry financing in China. To find out some of the obstacles to the smooth financing of forest property, The main conclusions are as follows: 1) giving appropriate policy preference and establishing loan insurance mechanism to attract financial institutions to participate in forest property financing. Improve the asset disposal system to avoid the risk of forest property mortgage; (3) reduce the cost of forest property financing by perfecting the cooperation between silver and forest and increasing government support; (4) improve the low mortgage rate of forest resources assets by innovating financial products. (5) perfecting the construction of diversified financing channels, speeding up the construction of forestry capital market can improve the financing level of forestry enterprises and widen the financing channels. 6) innovating and developing forestry insurance system to promote the development of forestry insurance market.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.2;F832.4

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