我国金融排斥的形成机理与破解对策研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 15:35

本文选题：金融排斥　切入点：金融服务可得性　出处：《湖南大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：金融排斥在世界各国特别是发展中国家普遍存在。我国作为处于转轨经济阶段的发展中大国，同样面临较为严重的金融排斥问题。农村金融排斥和小微企业金融排斥是我国金融排斥的两种具体表现形式。本文首先从金融发展理论、交易成本理论、信贷配给理论和信息不对称理论的视角分析了金融排斥的理论基础；接下来从全球商业银行体系经营战略重构和中国金融改革历程两个层面分析了中国金融排斥的产生背景；在此基础上，分析了我国金融排斥的现行态势，全景展现了我国金融排斥的城乡差异和地区差异状况，梳理了当前我国小微企业面临的融资困境。进而本文研究了金融排斥形成的一般机理。通过分析金融服务市场宽度的决定，认为规模经济和“市场转换成本”是金融机构市场宽度扩展以及客户群选择的决定因素；在此基础上通过对于信息对称条件和信息不对称条件下金融服务可得性的均衡分析，认为金融服务供给方的经营效率、金融服务需求方的行为特征、外在的金融制度约束都会对金融排斥产生影响。在金融排斥一般机理研究的基础上，本文进一步分析了我国金融排斥的特殊性。从总体上阐述了我国金融机构市场宽度扩展面临的约束；具体分析了我国小微企业和农户金融排斥的特殊性，，认为当前的金融体制环境特别是利率管制政策限制了小微企业合理资金需求的满足。城乡二元经济体制下农民收入增长乏力，农村市场收益率低等因素降低了农户的有效金融需求；进一步本文从政策协同性的视角探讨了当前我国加快推进利率市场化改革的必要性。最后，从加强体制建设，改善金融生态环境、推动机制建设，构建包容性金融体系两方面给出了纾解当前我国金融排斥困境的政策建议。
[Abstract]:Financial exclusion is prevalent in all countries in the world, especially in developing countries. Rural financial exclusion and small and micro enterprise financial exclusion are two specific forms of financial exclusion in China. Firstly, this paper analyzes the theoretical basis of financial exclusion from the perspectives of financial development theory, transaction cost theory, credit rationing theory and information asymmetry theory. Then it analyzes the background of China's financial exclusion from two aspects: the strategic reconstruction of the global commercial bank system and the course of China's financial reform; on this basis, it analyzes the current situation of China's financial exclusion. A panoramic view of the financial exclusion of China's urban and rural differences and regional differences, combing the current financing difficulties faced by small and micro enterprises in China. Then this paper studies the general mechanism of financial exclusion. By analyzing the determination of the width of financial service market, it is concluded that scale economy and "market transformation cost" are the decisive factors for the expansion of market width of financial institutions and the choice of customer base. On the basis of the equilibrium analysis of the availability of financial services under the conditions of information symmetry and information asymmetry, it is concluded that the operational efficiency of the financial service providers and the behavior characteristics of the demand side of the financial services. External financial system constraints will have an impact on financial exclusion. On the basis of the research on the general mechanism of financial exclusion, this paper further analyzes the particularity of financial exclusion in China. The particularity of financial exclusion of small and micro enterprises and farmers in China is analyzed in detail. It is believed that the current financial system environment, especially the interest rate control policy, has restricted the satisfaction of the reasonable capital needs of small and micro enterprises. Under the dual economic system of urban and rural areas, the growth of farmers' income is weak. The low rate of return in rural market has reduced the effective financial demand of farmers, and this paper further discusses the necessity of speeding up the reform of interest rate marketization in China from the perspective of policy synergy. Finally, some policy suggestions are put forward to alleviate the difficulties of financial exclusion in China from two aspects: strengthening the system building, improving the financial ecological environment, promoting the construction of the mechanism and constructing the inclusive financial system.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F224;F832

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