基于动态面板模型的金融发展对城乡收入差距影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 03:41

本文选题：金融发展　切入点：城乡收入差距　出处：《湖南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文主要是对金融发展与城乡收入差距之间的关系进行研究。首先回顾和总结了前人对于金融发展与收入差距之间关系的理论观点和实证结果,随后从理论上分析了金融发展是通过如何的途径影响到城乡收入差距的,本文认为金融发展对城乡收入差距的影响途径有三条：金融发展通过城乡经济二元结构影响城乡收入差距；金融发展通过门槛效应影响收入差距；金融发展通过降低贫困效应,提高农村地区贫困者的收入从而影响城乡收入差距。接下来,本文对中国金融发展与城乡收入差距的现状与趋势进行了分析,发现中国城乡收入差距水平与国家的经济金融政策密切相关,国家的经济金融政策影响着城乡收入差距的走势。但是,最近几年城乡收入差距的变化趋势似乎不受国家政策的制约,城乡收入差距并没有因为国家积极的政策而得到缩小。在对我国金融发展进行细致的研究和分析后,发现了我国金融独特的地方,以国有银行为代表的银行体系占据着中国金融体系的主导位置,间接融资依然是我国融资系统中的绝对主体,与银行业相比,证券、保险业的发展还很弱小。尽管以银行为主的金融业发展迅速,规模不断扩大,但金融资源主要集中在城市,金融资源在城乡地区的分配严重失衡,这或许是造成中国城乡收入差距不断拉大的一个重要原因。实证部分,本文采用1978-2010年间的省级面板数据通过动态面板数据模型对我国金融发展与城乡收入差距之间的关系做实证检验,结果显示：中国金融发展与城乡收入差距显著正相关。随后根据经济发展水平把样本区间分成三个不同的样本,分别对三个样本做实证检验,三组的检验结果都显示金融发展扩大了城乡收入差距。但是,不同经济发展水平下金融发展对城乡收入差距的影响力度明显不一样,在相对较高的经济发展水平样本组,影响系数远远小于前两组,这一结果似乎也证明金融发展对城乡收入差距的影响与经济整体的发展程度有关。实证以后,本文分析了中国金融发展扩大城乡收入差距的原因。最后,从金融发展的视角对缩小城乡收入差距提供相关政策建议。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly studies the relationship between financial development and urban-rural income gap. Firstly, it reviews and summarizes the previous theoretical views and empirical results on the relationship between financial development and income gap. Then it analyzes theoretically how the financial development affects the income gap between urban and rural areas. This paper holds that there are three ways for financial development to affect the income gap between urban and rural areas: financial development affects urban-rural income gap through urban-rural economic dual structure; financial development affects income gap through threshold effect; financial development affects income gap by reducing poverty. Increasing the income of the poor in rural areas will affect the income gap between urban and rural areas. Next, this paper analyzes the current situation and trend of financial development and urban-rural income gap in China. It is found that the income gap between urban and rural areas in China is closely related to the country's economic and financial policies, which affect the trend of the urban-rural income gap. The changing trend of urban-rural income gap in recent years seems to be independent of national policies, and the urban-rural income gap has not been narrowed by the active policies of the state. We find that the banking system, represented by state-owned banks, occupies the dominant position in China's financial system, and indirect financing is still the absolute main body of China's financing system, compared with the banking industry, securities. The development of the insurance industry is still very weak. Although the banking industry is developing rapidly and its scale is constantly expanding, the financial resources are mainly concentrated in cities, and the distribution of financial resources in urban and rural areas is seriously unbalanced. This may be an important reason for the widening income gap between urban and rural China. In the empirical part, we use the provincial panel data from 1978 to 2010 to test the relationship between financial development and urban-rural income gap through dynamic panel data model. The results show that there is a significant positive correlation between the financial development and the urban-rural income gap in China. Then, according to the level of economic development, the sample interval is divided into three different samples, and the three samples are tested empirically. The results of the three groups showed that the financial development had widened the urban-rural income gap. However, the impact of financial development on the urban-rural income gap was obviously different under different economic development levels, and in the sample group with relatively high economic development level, The influence coefficient is much smaller than the first two groups. This result also seems to prove that the impact of financial development on the urban-rural income gap is related to the degree of economic development as a whole. This paper analyzes the reasons for the financial development in China to expand the urban-rural income gap. Finally, from the perspective of financial development, it provides relevant policy recommendations to narrow the urban-rural income gap.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F124.7;F832;F224

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