物流金融业务三方主体运作策略研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 00:20

本文选题：物流金融 + 定价　；参考：《西南交通大学》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：随着全球经济发展和市场竞争的加剧,资金约束成为供应链企业较为普遍存在的问题,尤其在发展中国家。企业发展过程中,存货占用大量资金加剧了流动资金不足的问题。利用物流企业的监管职能、应用金融工具,可以盘活库存、在途库存及应收账款所占资金,提高企业资本的利用率。物流金融在这样的背景下应运而生,对于物流企业来说此业务可增强竞争力；对于供应链中的节点企业来说,加快了资金的流动速度,增加了效益；对于商业银行来说,降低了风险；对于整个供应链来说,则整合了供应链中的资金资源,提升了供应链的效率和效益,增加了供应链各方的竞争力。供应链环境下物流金融业务的持续稳定对供应链的稳定运作、中小企业的稳定生产经营、银行利润的稳步增长、物流企业增值业务扩展起到了决定性的作用。由于市场存在诸多不确定因素,且物流金融业务的三个主体往往以自身利益最大化为目标,因此在物流金融业务的运作中可能因为信息不对称、恶意欺诈、相关企业经营状况恶化等因素导致物流金融的业务的终止。本文以此为切入点,围绕以下五个问题展开研究： (1)在对国内外相关文献进行分析总结的基础上,系统地回顾了物流金融的相关研究成果,分析融资企业存货质押后利润的增量与其支付的融资费用之间的关系,建立了第三方物流企业存货质押融资服务的定价模型,给出了服务价格的区间范围；在此基础上,以需求量受物流融资服务价格影响的报童模型为研究对象,在已知价格分布信息的条件下,由需求函数得出需求量的概率密度函数,从而将报童问题中对于需求的控制转化为对于产品价格的控制,得到物流金融最优的服务定价模型。 (2)对银行物流金融业务定价的基础及模式、银行物流金融业务所面临的风险、风险特征进行分析,总结了银行物流金融风险管理的对策。 (3)由于市场的不确定性,企业利润难以准确量化评价。利用D-S证据理论对融资企业存货质押融资后的利润进行定量分析和判断,建立模型并进行求解及仿真。 (4)从资金需求企业利润最大化的角度出发,给出了延期支付和存货质押两种业务下的企业利润模型,并基于D-S证据理论建立了不确定条件下这两种业务的决策模型。 (5)对物流金融业务各个主体所面临的风险进行识别和归类,以“物流金融业务终止”为顶事件、各种具体的风险要素为底事件建立了故障树,给出了顶事件失效概率和重要度的计算方法,从而能够对物流金融融资业务终止的概率进行定量、直观的分析,并找出对物流金融业务运作影响最大因素。当影响因素的发生概率无法准确测度、为区间概率时,利用区间理论对物流金融业务终止的故障树进行了区间分析,得出顶事件的发生概率区间值。
[Abstract]:With the development of global economy and the aggravation of market competition, capital constraint has become a common problem in supply chain enterprises, especially in developing countries.In the process of enterprise development, inventory occupies a large amount of capital, which exacerbates the problem of insufficient liquidity.By using the supervisory function of logistics enterprises and the application of financial instruments, the capital occupied by inventory, in-transit inventory and accounts receivable can be activated, and the utilization rate of enterprise capital can be improved.Logistics finance emerges as the times require under this background, for logistics enterprises, this business can enhance their competitiveness; for the node enterprises in the supply chain, it speeds up the speed of capital flow and increases the efficiency; for commercial banks,For the whole supply chain, it integrates the capital resources in the supply chain, improves the efficiency and benefit of the supply chain, and increases the competitiveness of all parties in the supply chain.The sustained stability of logistics financial business in the supply chain environment plays a decisive role in the stable operation of the supply chain, the stable production and operation of small and medium-sized enterprises, the steady growth of bank profits, and the expansion of value-added services of logistics enterprises.Because there are many uncertain factors in the market, and the three main bodies of the logistics financial business often aim at maximizing their own interests, it may be due to information asymmetry and malicious fraud in the operation of the logistics financial business.The business of logistics finance is terminated due to the deterioration of related enterprises.This paper takes this as the starting point, carries on the research around the following five questions:1) based on the analysis and summary of domestic and foreign related literature, this paper systematically reviews the related research results of logistics finance, and analyzes the relationship between the increment of the profit after inventory pledge and the financing expenses paid by the financing enterprises.In this paper, the pricing model of inventory pledge financing service in third party logistics enterprises is established, and the range of service price is given, on the basis of which, the newsboy model, which is influenced by the price of logistics financing service, is taken as the research object.Under the condition that the price distribution information is known, the probability density function of demand is derived from the demand function, and the control of demand in newsboy problem is transformed into the control of product price, and the optimal service pricing model of logistics finance is obtained.2) the basis and mode of bank logistics financial business pricing, the risk and risk characteristics of bank logistics financial business are analyzed, and the countermeasures of bank logistics financial risk management are summarized.Due to the uncertainty of the market, it is difficult to evaluate the profit accurately.The D-S evidence theory is used to quantitatively analyze and judge the profit of inventory pledge financing in financing enterprises, and then the model is established and solved and simulated.4) from the point of view of maximizing the profit of the enterprise with capital demand, this paper gives the profit models of the two kinds of business, which are deferred payment and inventory pledge, and establishes the decision models of these two kinds of business under uncertain conditions based on D-S evidence theory.(5) identifying and classifying the risks faced by each main body of logistics financial business, taking "the termination of logistics financial business" as the top event, and setting up a fault tree with various specific risk factors as the base event.The method of calculating the failure probability and the importance of the top event is given, which can analyze quantitatively and intuitively the probability of the termination of the logistics finance business, and find out the most influential factors on the operation of the logistics finance business.When the occurrence probability of the influencing factors can not be accurately measured, the interval theory is used to analyze the fault tree of the termination of logistics financial business, and the interval value of the occurrence probability of the top event is obtained.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F832.2;F253

【参考文献】