马克思经济学与西方主流经济学货币信用危机理论比较

发布时间：2018-04-29 20:05

本文选题：货币信用危机 + 经济危机　；参考：《吉林财经大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：自经济危机在资本主义国家第一次爆发以来，许多经济学家就投入到这一领域的研究，推动了经济危机理论的发展。马克思通过对资本主义经济制度、社会关系的分析，系统研究了经济危机，其不仅提出由于生产过剩所引发的经济危机，还包含有虚拟资产膨胀、现实资本过剩所引发的货币信用危机，及其相关性的理论。马克思通过对生产领域和流通领域的考察，提出了经济危机理论，对根除经济危机提供了理论依据。自资本主义制度确立以来，资本主义国家就会周期性地爆发经济危机，面对这种周而复始的现象，西方主流经济学界对于经济危机的态度，从一开始的不承认转变为了承认，许多西方经济学家开始研究经济危机，并提出了一系列的危机理论，但是这并没有改变资本主义国家摆脱经济危机的命运，自2007年，美国次贷危机逐步显现出来，迅速的蔓延到其他金融机构并产生了一系列的连锁反应，导致了投资者对房地产、金融业、美国经济及全球资本市场的担忧。面对此次全球性的经济危机，无论是自由主义学派还是凯恩斯主义学派都无法对其进行完整的理论解释。在此背景下，重新研读马克思的经济危机理论，正确认识资本主义经济危机形成的根源、本质和形成机制，对于解答当今席卷全球的经济危机有重要的指导意义。本文基于这种背景下展开了研究，对正确认识马克思经济危机理论，全面把握经济危机实质具有一定的借鉴意义。面对此次经济危机，西方主流经济学界集体失语的情况，，认真细致地钻研马克思的著作，系统地对马克思经济危机理论进行梳理，并结合当前经济危机的实际材料，发掘其当代价值，真正做到将马克思主义具体化、实践化，是目前马克思主义理论发展中非常重要的问题。本文以货币信用危机理论为基础，通过对马克思与西方主流经济学货币信用危机理论进行比较，揭示出马克思货币信用危机理论的科学指导意义。论文的第一部分探讨了马克思与西方主流经济学货币信用危机理论中方法论的比较，具体阐述了马克思以辩证唯物主义作为方法论基础，对货币信用危机的形成过程进行科学的抽象，并通过各方面联系，把握了经济危机的总体过程，相较于以凯恩斯为代表的西方主流经济学界采用的主观主义方法论基础，更具科学性。第二部分对马克思和西方主流经济学关于货币信用危机形成的原因进行了比较。具体阐述了马克思关于危机形成的一般可能性和现实可能性的研究。第三部分具体分析了危机形成机制的不同。第四部分对马克思的资本主义基本矛盾是引发危机根源的理论观点，与凯恩斯认为人类非理性预期及政府不当行为时引发危机根源的理论观点进行了比较。第五部分则是对双方关于危机治理观点进行了细致的比较，在以上论述的基础上本文得出了相应结论。
[Abstract]:Since the economic crisis broke out for the first time in capitalist countries, many economists have devoted themselves to the research in this field, which has promoted the development of economic crisis theory. Through the analysis of capitalist economic system and social relations, Marx systematically studied the economic crisis, which not only proposed the economic crisis caused by overproduction, but also included the expansion of virtual assets. The theory of currency credit crisis caused by excess capital and its correlation. Marx put forward the theory of economic crisis by investigating the field of production and circulation, which provided the theoretical basis for eradicating the economic crisis. Since the establishment of the capitalist system, the capitalist countries will periodically break out economic crises. In the face of this recurring phenomenon, the attitude of the western mainstream economists towards the economic crisis has changed from non-recognition at the beginning to recognition. Many Western economists began to study the economic crisis and put forward a series of crisis theories, but this did not change the fate of capitalist countries to get rid of the economic crisis. Since 2007, the subprime mortgage crisis in the United States has gradually emerged. The rapid spread to other financial institutions and a series of ripple effects have led to investor concerns about real estate, the financial industry, the U.S. economy and global capital markets. In the face of the global economic crisis, neither liberalism nor Keynesianism can give a complete theoretical explanation. Under this background, studying Marx's theory of economic crisis and correctly understanding the origin, essence and formation mechanism of capitalist economic crisis are of great guiding significance to the solution of the economic crisis sweeping the whole world. Based on this background, this paper carries out a study, which has certain reference significance for correctly understanding Marx's economic crisis theory and comprehensively grasping the essence of economic crisis. In the face of this economic crisis, the western mainstream economic circles have collectively aphasia, carefully studied Marx's works, systematically combed Marx's economic crisis theory, and combined with the actual materials of the current economic crisis. It is a very important problem in the development of Marxist theory to explore its contemporary value and truly materialize and practice Marxism. Based on the theory of monetary credit crisis, this paper compares Marx's theory of monetary credit crisis with that of western mainstream economics, and reveals the scientific guiding significance of Marx's theory of monetary credit crisis. The first part of the paper discusses the comparison of methodology in the theory of monetary credit crisis between Marx and western mainstream economics, and expounds in detail that Marx takes dialectical materialism as the basis of methodology. This paper abstracts scientifically the forming process of currency credit crisis, and through the connection of various aspects, grasps the overall process of economic crisis, compared with the subjectivism methodology adopted by the mainstream western economists represented by Keynes. More scientific. The second part compares the causes of monetary credit crisis between Marx and western mainstream economics. Specifically elaborated Marx about the crisis formation general possibility and the realistic possibility research. The third part analyzes the different mechanism of crisis formation. In the fourth part, the author compares Marx's basic contradiction of capitalism with Keynes's view that human irrational expectation and improper government behavior lead to crisis. In the fifth part, the author makes a detailed comparison of the two sides' views on crisis management, and draws the corresponding conclusions on the basis of the above discussion.
【学位授予单位】：吉林财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F820.4

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