中小企业供应链融资信用风险研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 10:16

本文选题：中小企业 + 供应链融资　；参考：《安徽财经大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前,中小企业是我国经济体系中不可或缺的组成成员,它在推动经济增长、增加就业率、优化经济结构等多方面都扮演着重要的角色和作用。然而,中小企业因为自身规模小、缺乏担保、信用水平低,很难从银行等金融机构获得信贷资金。为了解决这一问题,供应链融资应运而生,它克服了传统授信条件诸多限制,给中小企业获得融资提供了便利。现在,国内外很多银行和金融机构都在拓展以供应链融资模式为基础的信贷业务,这不仅拓展了其新的盈利渠道,而且帮助和解决了供应链上中小企业融资。在融资模式不断创新和发展壮大的大环境下,评估供应链上中小企业的信用风险也在发生实质性的变化。传统银行等金融机构往往对单一企业信用水平高低进行评估,这有点片面的从一个方面衡量信贷资金安全性,虽然有利于规避不必要的信贷风险,但不利于其拓展新的信贷业务。本文的研究目的就是跳出单一考量融资企业经营和信用状况,站在整个供应链融资环境视角,综合分析中小企业生产经营不同阶段可以利用的融资模式以及运用科学合适的方法对中小企业信用风险进行评估。文章首先从供应链融资基本内涵界定开始,剖析了供应链融资与传统银行信贷之间的区别,进而总结了其在融资方面的优势;其次,对中小企业在采购、生产、销售三个不同阶段可以利用的融资模式进行分类归纳其内涵、特点、具体业务流程、信用风险防范要点,并且加以比较分析三种模式的异同点;最后,建立信用风险评估模型体系,运用贝叶斯分类模型,结合郑州雏牧香物流有限公司这一具体案例对信用风险进行评估度量。案例分析结果验证了基于贝叶斯分类模型评估供应链融资信用风险的科学可靠,其在信用风险评估中具有一定的参考意义和价值。此外,文章结尾指出供应链融资特有的融资优势和较低的信贷风险越来越受金融机构的青睐,不过它带来的新的信用风险不可小觑,应该不断加强信用风险控制,为了进一步优化供应链融资和防范信用风险,本文提出了加强核心企业与上下游企业合作化程度,构建高效的供应链体系和完善的信用风险评价体系,营造良好的供应链融资环境,改革授信模式及不断简化业务流程等政策建议,以推动供应链融资模式在信贷风险更加有效控制的条件下不断发展和创新。
[Abstract]:At present, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are indispensable members of China's economic system. They play an important role in promoting economic growth, increasing employment rate, optimizing economic structure and so on. However, because of their small size, lack of guarantee, low credit level, it is difficult to obtain credit funds from banks and other financial institutions. In order to solve this problem, supply chain financing emerges as the times require. It overcomes many limitations of traditional credit conditions and provides convenience for SMEs to obtain financing. At present, many banks and financial institutions at home and abroad are expanding the credit business based on the supply chain financing model, which not only expands their new profit channels, but also helps and solves the financing of small and medium-sized enterprises in the supply chain. Under the environment of continuous innovation and development of financing mode, the credit risk of small and medium-sized enterprises in the supply chain is also undergoing substantial changes. Traditional banks and other financial institutions often evaluate the credit level of a single enterprise, which is somewhat one-sided in measuring the security of credit funds, although it is conducive to avoiding unnecessary credit risks. But not conducive to its expansion of new credit business. The purpose of this paper is to jump out of the single consideration of financing enterprises' management and credit status, and stand in the perspective of the entire supply chain financing environment. This paper comprehensively analyzes the financing modes that can be used in different stages of production and operation of small and medium-sized enterprises, and evaluates the credit risk of small and medium-sized enterprises by using scientific and appropriate methods. This paper begins with the definition of the basic connotation of supply chain financing, analyzes the difference between supply chain financing and traditional bank credit, and then summarizes its advantages in financing. The financing models that can be used in three different stages of sales are classified to summarize their connotation, characteristics, specific business processes, credit risk prevention points, and to compare and analyze the similarities and differences of the three models. The credit risk assessment model system is established and the Bayesian classification model is used to evaluate and measure the credit risk with the specific case of Zhengzhou Chimu Xiang Logistics Co., Ltd. The results of case study verify the scientific and reliable evaluation of supply chain financing credit risk based on Bayesian classification model, which has certain reference significance and value in credit risk assessment. In addition, at the end of the article, it is pointed out that the unique financing advantages and lower credit risk of supply chain financing are more and more favored by financial institutions. However, the new credit risk brought by supply chain financing should not be underestimated, and credit risk control should be continuously strengthened. In order to further optimize supply chain financing and prevent credit risk, this paper proposes to strengthen the degree of cooperation between core enterprises and upstream and downstream enterprises, to build an efficient supply chain system and a perfect credit risk evaluation system. In order to promote the development and innovation of the supply chain financing mode under the condition of more effective control of credit risk, we should create a good supply chain financing environment, reform the credit granting mode and simplify the business process continuously.
【学位授予单位】：安徽财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F274;F832.4

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