基于反贫困的农村金融研究

发布时间：2018-05-24 17:25

本文选题：农村金融 + 反贫困　；参考：《江苏科技大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：农村金融从广度来讲是指农村地区的一切货币金融活动。农村金融和农村经济的发展有密切的关系。因此，构建一个完善、健全、良好的农村金融体系对农村经济的发展起促进作用；相反，若农村金融发展不足，将制约农村经济的健康发展。自我国二十世纪八十年代中期提出贫困与反贫困的问题以来，我国政府制定和实施了各种反贫困的政策和措施，反贫困取得了举世瞩目的成就。在我国，农村金融对促进贫困地区经济发展起到了重要的作用，受到经济学家、政府、政策制定者及捐赠者的广泛关注。然而，当前我国农村金融能力弱，农村金融市场不完善、农村金融改革不彻底，难以满足农户和农村中小企业对农村金融服务的需求。这已经成为制约我国农村经济发展的一个“瓶颈”。随着农村经济改革的不断深化，如何充分发挥农村金融在农村经济发展中的核心作用，最大限度的解决当前农村金融中存在的各种问题，实现农村金融和农村经济的和谐发展目标，已成为中国农村经济发展急需解决的问题。而众多的研究也表明，制约我国农村反贫困的工作是农村金融体系在反贫困工作中的不足，贫困农户难以脱贫的一个重要原因就是缺乏资金而难以进入农村正规金融市场。通过阅读以前的文献，可以了解，以前文献对于我国反贫困的农村金融没有进行系统的研究。只是从正规金融机构角度，例如如何更好建设农村信用社等这样的角度来研究我国的反贫困工作。而本文不同于以往的研究，而是着重强调如何完善整个农村金融体系的建立，以更好的为农村的反贫困工作提供服务。众所周知，农村金融包括正规金融和非正规金融，而本文研究非正规金融该如何在农村反贫困工作中合法发挥作用。而正规金融又包括政策性金融和商业金融，本文只研究政策性金融在反贫困中的作用。然而无论是运用政策性金融手段还是商业性金融手段，甚至是运用非正规金融手段，都要有两个保证：即农业保险和信用担保。农民入保是为了保证一旦有灾害发生，农民可以得到一部分的赔偿，使其损失重不至于返贫；同时要有信用担保，这样进行贷款，特别是商业贷款时，就可以更容易。能够使其农户更快更容易的得到发展资金。本文通过大量的基础理论的分析，结合国外的反贫困成功经验，从农村政策性金融、农业保险体系、农村信用担保和非正规金融四个方面来分析我国反贫困的农村金融体系建设。根据分析的内容提出我国目前基于反贫困的农村金融制度中存在的问题，并结合问题所在，为我国农村金融的反贫困未来发展之路提出相应的建议。
[Abstract]:Rural finance refers to all monetary and financial activities in rural areas in terms of breadth. The development of rural finance and rural economy has close relation. Therefore, the construction of a perfect, sound and good rural financial system will promote the development of rural economy; on the contrary, if the rural financial development is insufficient, it will restrict the healthy development of rural economy. Since our country put forward the problem of poverty and anti-poverty in the middle of 1980s, our government has formulated and implemented various policies and measures against poverty, and has made remarkable achievements in the fight against poverty. In China, rural finance has played an important role in promoting the economic development of poor areas, which has been widely concerned by economists, governments, policy makers and donors. However, the current rural financial capacity is weak, the rural financial market is not perfect, the rural financial reform is not complete, it is difficult to meet the needs of rural financial services of farmers and rural small and medium-sized enterprises. This has become a "bottleneck" that restricts the development of our country's rural economy. With the deepening of rural economic reform, how to give full play to the central role of rural finance in rural economic development, and to solve the current problems in rural finance to the maximum extent. To realize the goal of harmonious development of rural finance and rural economy has become an urgent problem in the development of rural economy in China. Many studies also show that restricting the rural anti-poverty work is the lack of rural financial system in anti-poverty work, poor farmers are difficult to get out of poverty one of the important reasons is lack of funds to enter the rural formal financial market. Through reading the previous literature, we can understand that there is no systematic research on the rural finance of poverty in our country. Only from the perspective of formal financial institutions, such as how to better build rural credit cooperatives and so on to study the anti-poverty work in China. This paper is different from previous research, but emphasizes how to perfect the whole rural financial system, so as to provide better service for the anti-poverty work in rural areas. As we all know, rural finance includes formal finance and informal finance, and this paper studies how informal finance should play a legal role in rural anti-poverty work. Formal finance includes policy finance and commercial finance. This paper only studies the role of policy finance in anti-poverty. However, there must be two guarantees, that is, agricultural insurance and credit guarantee, whether by means of policy finance, commercial finance, or even informal finance. In order to ensure that once a disaster occurs, farmers can get a part of the compensation, so that their losses will not return to poverty; at the same time, there should be a credit guarantee, so that loans, especially commercial loans, can be easier. To enable their farmers faster and easier access to development funds. Based on the analysis of a large number of basic theories and the successful anti-poverty experiences of foreign countries, this paper begins with the rural policy-oriented finance and agricultural insurance system. Four aspects of rural credit guarantee and informal finance are analyzed to analyze the construction of anti-poverty rural financial system in China. According to the content of the analysis, this paper puts forward the problems existing in the current rural financial system based on anti-poverty in our country, and puts forward corresponding suggestions for the future development of anti-poverty of rural finance in our country.
【学位授予单位】：江苏科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F832.3

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