中国农村合作金融发展研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 13:32

本文选题：农村合作金融 + 发展　；参考：《北京林业大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：我国农村正规金融供给严重不足,使“三农”领域尤其是农村弱势群体的资金需求难以得到满足,导致农村民间借贷十分普遍。研究农村合作金融发展问题,对解决弱势农民的金融需求及规范农村民间借贷具有重要的作用。从我国正规农村合作金融组织的现状与发展历程来看,农村信用合作社不属于真正意义上的合作金融组织,其未来的发展方向应为股份制的商业银行。而农村资金互助社由于发展时间不长,问题较多,成长缓慢。非正规农村合作金融组织在我国发展很快,本文分别把合会、农村基金会、社区型的资金互助会、在农民专业合作社内部开展的资金互助会、国务院扶贫办、财政部推进而产生的贫困村村级发展互助资金和民间组织帮扶的资金互助组织等六种具有代表性的非正规合作金融组织的现状与发展历程都做了分析。认为除农村基金会出现组织异化问题被关闭外,非正规农村合作金融组织成员间信息较对称,贷款方式灵活、便捷,能在一定程度上满足农户的资金需求。为进一步探究农村合作金融存在的必要性,本文剖析了以赢利为目标的我国主要农村商业性银行,不愿涉足风险大、成本高的“三农”领域；农业政策性银行功能发挥不足,目前对弱势农户与农村小企业基本没有涉及。并在其他学者的研究成果及作者实地问卷调查的基础上,运用定性与定量相结合的方法对农村合作金融需求进行了分析。认为大力发展我国农村合作金融尤为重要。在我国农村合作金融的构建中,本文引进了“社会资本”这一概念,通过社会资本理论研究中国农村社会特点,进而分析社会资本对农村合作金融构建的作用机制,提出利用社会资本使农村民间借贷规范化、组织化的主要途径就是构建农村合作金融组织。本文提出了农村合作金融组织构建的目标与原则,以及它的的发起与设立、治理结构、组织体系等。对我国农村合作金融组织的产生、规范与可持续发展做了研究。同时,依据对我国农村合作金融现实的考察,以及国外农村合作金融发展经验,揭示了现阶段我国农村合作金融的三大发展趋势：一、农村合作金融组织将会形成资金合作与生产合作相结合的发展趋势；二、农村合作金融组织必然会建立一个自下而上,自我维护的组织体系；三、财务可持续的农村合作金融组织必然会引进市场机制,不断发展和壮大自己。另外,在农村合作金融组织的发展过程中,政府的引导与帮扶是不可获缺的。为更好地发展我国农村合作金融,本文还在优化农村合作金融的发展环境、加强与其它金融组织形式的联合发展,以及对农村资金互助社与非正规农村合作金融组织发展等几个方面提出了一些创新性的对策措施。
[Abstract]:The shortage of formal financial supply in rural areas in China makes it difficult to meet the demand for funds in the field of "agriculture, countryside and farmers", especially for the vulnerable groups in rural areas, which leads to the widespread folk lending in rural areas. The research on the development of rural cooperative finance plays an important role in solving the financial needs of the weak farmers and standardizing the rural folk lending. From the current situation and development course of the formal rural cooperative financial organization in China, the rural credit cooperative does not belong to the real cooperative financial organization, and its future development direction should be the joint-stock commercial bank. But the rural capital cooperative because the development time is not long, the question is many, the growth is slow. Informal rural cooperative financial organizations have developed rapidly in our country. This paper puts together, rural foundations, community-type mutual fund associations, mutual funds associations within specialized farmers' cooperatives, and the State Council to assist the poor. The present situation and development process of six representative informal cooperative financial organizations, such as the mutual fund for the development of village level in poor villages and the mutual fund organizations supported by non-governmental organizations, are analyzed by the Ministry of Finance. Besides the dissimilation of rural foundations being closed, the information among members of informal rural cooperative financial organizations is more symmetrical, the loan mode is flexible and convenient, and it can meet the financial needs of farmers to a certain extent. In order to further explore the necessity of the existence of rural cooperative finance, this paper analyzes the main rural commercial banks, which aim at profit, do not want to set foot in the field of "agriculture, countryside and farmers" with high risk and high cost, and the function of agricultural policy banks is not given full play. At present, weak farmers and rural small enterprises are not involved. On the basis of the research results of other scholars and the author's field questionnaire, this paper analyzes the rural cooperative finance needs by combining qualitative and quantitative methods. It is especially important to develop rural cooperative finance in China. In the construction of rural cooperative finance in China, this paper introduces the concept of "social capital", studies the characteristics of Chinese rural society through the theory of social capital, and then analyzes the mechanism of social capital acting on the construction of rural cooperative finance. It is suggested that the main way to standardize rural folk lending by using social capital is to construct rural cooperative financial organizations. This paper puts forward the objectives and principles of rural cooperative finance organization construction, and its initiation and establishment, governance structure, organizational system and so on. This paper studies the emergence, standardization and sustainable development of rural cooperative financial organizations in China. At the same time, based on the investigation of the reality of rural cooperative finance in our country and the experience of foreign countries in the development of rural cooperative finance, it reveals the three development trends of rural cooperative finance in our country at the present stage: first, Rural cooperative financial organizations will form the development trend of the combination of capital cooperation and production cooperation; second, rural cooperative financial organizations will inevitably establish a bottom-up, self-maintenance organizational system; third, Financial sustainable rural cooperative financial organizations will inevitably introduce the market mechanism and continue to develop and strengthen themselves. In addition, in the development of rural cooperative financial organizations, government guidance and help is indispensable. In order to better develop rural cooperative finance in China, this paper also optimizes the development environment of rural cooperative finance and strengthens the joint development with other forms of financial organizations. The paper also puts forward some innovative countermeasures on the development of rural mutual aid societies and informal rural cooperative financial organizations.
【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.35

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