外向型经济对我国城乡收入差距的影响

发布时间：2018-07-07 07:20

本文选题：外向型经济 + 城乡收入差距　；参考：《华中科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：自1978年以来,改革开放政策已经实施了有三分之一个世纪,这期间我国外向型经济发展迅速,并对中国经济的腾飞起到了至关重要的作用,成为中国经济增长的引擎。但在我国经济社会呈现出高速发展态势的同时,收入分配问题也越来越突出,过大的城乡收入差距不仅有碍于国民经济的持续健康发展,同时还会威胁到社会的稳定运行。因此,适时转变我国外向型经济发展模式、加快收入分配改革就显得尤为必要。本文从理论和实证两个方面分析了外向型经济对我国城乡收入差距的影响。理论分析可知外商直接投资主要是通过产业结构、就业结构、区位选择、全要素生产率等渠道来影响我国的城乡收入差距;对外贸易主要是通过要素价格机制、产业结构、就业结构、全要素生产率等渠道来影响我国的城乡收入分配。实证结论主要有以下三点:第一,从全国和分区域两个层面来看,城乡收入差距均存在较为明显的空间依赖性;第二,在全国层面,外商直接投资和对外贸易均会导致城乡收入差距扩大;第三,分区域来看,FDI、对外贸易对东部地区的城乡收入差距扩大起到促进作用,FDI、对外贸易对西部地区城乡收入差距的缩小均起到促进作用,FDI对中部地区的城乡收入差距的影响不显著,但对外贸易对中西部地区的城乡收入差距有缓解作用。之后,结合上述分析,就如何提高外向型经济发展效益、转变外向型经济发展模式来改善城乡收入差距提出相关的政策建议。
[Abstract]:Since 1978, the policy of reform and opening up has been implemented for a third century. During this period, China's export-oriented economy has developed rapidly and played a vital role in the development of China's economy, which has become the engine of China's economic growth. However, with the rapid development of our country's economy and society, the problem of income distribution is becoming more and more prominent. The excessive urban-rural income gap not only hinders the sustainable and healthy development of the national economy, but also threatens the stable operation of the society. Therefore, it is necessary to change the mode of export-oriented economy development and accelerate the reform of income distribution. This paper analyzes the effects of export-oriented economy on the income gap between urban and rural areas in China from both theoretical and empirical aspects. The theoretical analysis shows that FDI mainly influences the income gap between urban and rural areas through industrial structure, employment structure, location choice, total factor productivity, etc. Foreign trade is mainly through factor price mechanism, industrial structure, etc. Employment structure, total factor productivity and other channels affect urban and rural income distribution in China. The empirical results are as follows: first, from the national and subregional levels, the urban-rural income gap has significant spatial dependence; second, at the national level, Both foreign direct investment and foreign trade will lead to a widening income gap between urban and rural areas. Third, From a sub-regional point of view, foreign trade plays an important role in promoting the widening of urban-rural income gap in the eastern part of China. Foreign trade plays a positive role in narrowing the urban-rural income gap in the western region. FDI has no significant impact on the urban-rural income gap in the central region. However, foreign trade has alleviated the income gap between urban and rural areas in the central and western regions. Then, based on the above analysis, some policy suggestions are put forward to improve the income gap between urban and rural areas by improving the benefit of export-oriented economy and changing the mode of export-oriented economic development.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F124.7;F832.6

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