“金砖国家”利用外商直接投资宏观绩效比较分析

发布时间：2018-07-09 21:47

本文选题：金砖国家 + FDI　；参考：《浙江工业大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：金砖五国均为经济快速增长的新兴国家,五国国土面积占世界领土面积近30%,人口占世界总人口的42%。2010年五国国内生产总值约占世界总量的18%,贸易额占世界的15%。五国在世界经济中发挥着日益重要的作用,同时也将成为世界经济的风向标。在拉动全球经济复苏的过程中,五国起到了不可忽视的作用。目前国内外诸多学者研究表明,外商直接投资对东道国经济发展影响密切,在改善产业结构、投资环境等多方面都发挥了重要作用。五国均是国际资本的热门选择,同时五国今后的发展也离不开国际资本的支持,所以对“金砖国家”利用外商直接投资宏观绩效的研究进行比较分析就具有非常重要的现实意义。本文主要从五国利用外商直接投资的规模、潜力、绩效实证、政策等方面进行比较研究,研究发现,五国中,俄罗斯引资优势最为突出,主要表现：引资增速快、潜力大、环境好；中国的引资比较稳定,规模大,波动小,较为集中；印度引资增速较快,但是波动较大,虽然竞争力较弱,但是质量较好,未来上升空间很大；巴西引资规模最大、法律最健全,但是增速较低,同时波动较剧烈；南非引资规模最小,且波动性强,增速一般,但是投资环境以及政策逐步健全。总体来说,五国在投资环境、政策、法律法规等方面,与发达国家差距明显,在教育、高新技术、公共设施等方面仍需进一步加强努力。五国中,中国、印度和俄罗斯的国情相对比较接近,而巴西和南非具有后发优势。因此,为了使中国在未来新一轮竞争中取长补短,全面提高吸引外商直接投资的能力和质量,本文利用绩效指数、潜力指数等方面进行分析比较,以及利用实证数据研究,从政策法规、引资行业分布、地区分布等方面着手对比五国,希望中国能够进一步提高外商直接投资的利用效率和质量。
[Abstract]:The BRICS are all emerging countries with rapid economic growth. The five countries account for nearly 30 percent of the world territory, with a population of 42 percent of the world population. In 2010, the five countries accounted for about 18 percent of the world's gross domestic product and 15 percent of the world's trade volume. The five countries are playing an increasingly important role in the world economy, and will also become the vane of the world economy. In the process of pulling the global economic recovery, the five countries have played an important role. At present, many scholars at home and abroad show that FDI has a close impact on the economic development of the host country and plays an important role in improving the industrial structure and investment environment. All five countries are hot choices of international capital, and the future development of the five countries cannot be separated from the support of international capital. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to compare and analyze the macro performance of foreign direct investment (FDI) in BRICS countries. This paper makes a comparative study on the scale, potential, performance and policy of FDI in the five countries. It is found that among the five countries, Russia has the most outstanding advantages of attracting foreign investment. The environment is good; China's foreign investment is relatively stable, its scale is large, its fluctuation is small, and it is more concentrated; India's investment growth rate is faster, but it is more volatile, although its competitiveness is weak, but the quality is better, and the future will be very large. Brazil has the largest scale of foreign investment. The law is the most sound, but the growth rate is low and the volatility is sharp; South Africa has the smallest scale, volatility and average growth rate, but the investment environment and policy are gradually sound. In general, the five countries have a clear gap with developed countries in terms of investment environment, policies, laws and regulations, and need to further strengthen their efforts in education, high and new technology, public facilities, and so on. Among the five countries, China, India and Russia are relatively close, while Brazil and South Africa have the advantage of latecomer. Therefore, in order to make China learn from each other in the new round of competition in the future and improve the ability and quality of attracting foreign direct investment in an all-round way, this paper makes use of performance index, potential index and other aspects to analyze and compare, as well as to make use of empirical data to study. By comparing the five countries in terms of policies and regulations, industry distribution and regional distribution, it is hoped that China can further improve the utilization efficiency and quality of foreign direct investment (FDI).
【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F831.6;F224

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