金融全球化与国家间收入不平等：理论与实证研究

发布时间：2018-07-20 21:30

【摘要】：在经济全球化的时代，金融全球化对国家间收入不平等的关系成为了许多研究的重点。自从20世纪80年代以来，各国开始逐步开放资本账户。这引发跨国的金融活动迅速发展，促进了金融全球化的发展。这是全球经济发展最核心的部分，也是经济活动中波动性和风险性最大的一个中心环节。金融全球化使资本通过金融中介和市场在全球范围内流动，提高了资本使用效率，重新配置金融资源。一方面使需要融资的发展中国家得到必须的资本，促进本国经济发展；另一方面，全球金融市场的发展形成以发达国家为中心的分配系统。这为发达国家分散经济发展风险提供渠道，同时在财富分配中获得更多的利益。前者是对缩小全球收入不平等有正向作用，，后者是负作用。从金融全球化角度研究国际金融市场统一后对全球收入不平等的影响显然具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。全文分为六部分。第一部分分析了金融全球化的现状和研究意义进行。接着对经济全球化、金融一体化和金融全球化的基本进行区分。进一步来划分金融全球化的概念和界限。第二部分详细讲述了金融全球化与国家间收入不平等的研究进展。全球化带来的国家间收入不平等的有关理论和研究进行了总结，并进行了分析和评价。这为后面的简单理论推导提供了思路和基础。同时也提出了整个研究的框架和思路。第三部分对金融全球化与国家间收入不平等进行了描述性分析。金融全球化主要的特征是金融市场的证券化。随着离岸市场的迅速发展，国际金融市场表现为证券化，而传统的贷款有下降的趋势但仍是最重要的金融融资渠道。金融全球化增加了国际资本流动的速度，同时也加大了世界经济的波动性，带来了经济发展风险。促使国际金融业从分工到混业竞争的趋势发展。同时，国际机构投资者迅速兴起也是金融全球化的微观表现形式。通过国际金融资源的重新配置，改变了以前固有的全球经济财富分配形式。第四部分对金融全球化与国家间收入不平等的机制进行研究。利用简单的数理推导得出2个推论：1.发达国家人口占全世界之比和全球收入不平等之间的关系呈倒U型；2.金融全球化和全球收入不平等的关系也是倒U型的。然后对金融全球化对全球收入不平等进行直接和间接渠道分析。第五部分针对上面的推论和研究目的，建立4个模型。前2个验证上章的推论，第三个模型检验全球金融资产和负债、发达国家人口占比和发达国家与其他国家收入差距对全球收入不平等的长期回归关系。第四个模型是为了分析3个自变量对全球收入不平等的短期冲击。第六部分是研究的最终结论和进一步研究的方向。
[Abstract]:In the era of economic globalization, the relationship between financial globalization and income inequality between countries has become the focus of many studies. Since the 1980 s, countries have gradually opened their capital accounts. This triggered the rapid development of transnational financial activities, and promoted the development of financial globalization. This is the core part of global economic development and the most volatile and risky part of economic activity. Financial globalization makes capital flow in the global scope through financial intermediary and market, improves the efficiency of capital use and redistributes financial resources. On the one hand, developing countries in need of financing can get the necessary capital to promote their own economic development; on the other hand, the development of global financial markets forms a distribution system centered on developed countries. This provides a channel for developed countries to diversify economic development risks and gain more benefits from wealth distribution. The former has a positive effect on reducing global income inequality, while the latter has a negative effect. It is of great theoretical value and practical significance to study the impact of the unification of international financial market on global income inequality from the angle of financial globalization. The full text is divided into six parts. The first part analyzes the current situation and significance of financial globalization. Then the basic distinction between economic globalization, financial integration and financial globalization is made. To further divide the concept and boundaries of financial globalization. The second part describes the research progress of financial globalization and income inequality between countries in detail. The theories and studies on income inequality between countries brought by globalization are summarized, analyzed and evaluated. This provides the train of thought and foundation for the following simple theoretical derivation. At the same time, the framework and train of thought of the whole research are also put forward. The third part is a descriptive analysis of financial globalization and income inequality between countries. The main characteristic of financial globalization is securitization of financial market. With the rapid development of the offshore market, the international financial market is characterized by securitization, while the traditional loan is still the most important financial financing channel. Financial globalization not only increases the speed of international capital flow, but also increases the volatility of world economy and brings risks to economic development. To promote the international financial industry from the division of labor to the development of mixed competition. At the same time, the rapid rise of international institutional investors is also the micro-manifestation of financial globalization. The redistribution of international financial resources has changed the old pattern of distribution of wealth in the global economy. The fourth part studies the mechanism of financial globalization and income inequality between countries. By simple mathematical derivation, two corollaries: 1. The relationship between the population of developed countries as a proportion of the world and global income inequality is inverted U-shaped. The relationship between financial globalization and global income inequality is also inverted U-shaped. Then it analyzes the direct and indirect channels of financial globalization on global income inequality. In the fifth part, four models are established for the above inferences and research purposes. The first two tests the corollary of the previous chapter, the third model examines the global financial assets and liabilities, the proportion of the population in developed countries and the long-term regression relationship between the income gap between developed and other countries and global income inequality. The fourth model is to analyze the short-term impact of three independent variables on global income inequality. The sixth part is the final conclusion of the study and the direction of further research.
【学位授予单位】：西南民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F224;F831;F113

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