上市商业银行收益质量的实证研究

发布时间：2018-08-01 10:24

【摘要】：收益质量是指企业财务报表中的收益所反映出的企业过去、现在、未来经济价值信息的可靠程度。一个企业的收益具有两大特性：数量性与质量性。作为财务报表使用者进行财务分析的一个重要手段和工具,收益的质量好坏应该比收益的数量多少获得更多的重视。而目前关注更多的却是收益的数量特性,对收益质量的评价与分析依然不足。收益质量分析在衡量上市公司盈利能力的稳定持续方面起着重要作用,对公司以及投资者的各项决策也意义重大。金融企业在国民经济占有重要地位,作为金融业主要构成部分的商业银行的地位则更为突出。一般而言,其他金融机构都是在商业银行平台的基础上发展起来的,商业银行其业务范围涵盖了经济领域的大部分范围,是一个国家金融体系的基础。商业银行的发展关系到经济发展和社会稳定,具有优化资金配置和调节、反映、监督经济的作用。近年来我国各大银行以空前的速度和规模成长。随着几大国有商业银行的陆续上市,商业银行上市已成为其发展阶段的必然选择。金融企业的特点之一是高负债经营,因此,有关上市商业银行的收益质量问题便显得尤为关键。本文针对当前的研究现状,分析了收益质量的定义、特征及影响因素,在此基础上通过定性与定量分析相结合,目的在于建立一个以战略为导向的上市商业银行收益质量评估体系。本文认为,从定性化的角度分析,上市商业银行收益质量分析应从社会环境、金融业状况、银行会计政策的选择、内部治理结构四个方面开展；从定量化的角度出发,本文主要采用因子分析法,选取沪深16家上市商业银行三年的财务数据进行研究,从收益的成长性、盈利性、流动性、安全性以及结构性五个方面采用13个指标来建立上市商业银行收益质量的评价体系,在此基础上得出结论,并从银行、政府、投资者角度分别提出了相关政策建议。
[Abstract]:Income quality refers to the degree of reliability of economic value information in the past, present and future, which is reflected by the income in the financial statements of an enterprise. The income of an enterprise has two characteristics: quantity and quality. As an important means and tool for financial analysis, the quality of income should be paid more attention than the quantity of income. At present, more attention is paid to the quantitative characteristics of revenue, and the evaluation and analysis of revenue quality are still insufficient. The analysis of earnings quality plays an important role in measuring the stability and persistence of listed companies' profitability, and it is also of great significance to the decisions of companies and investors. Financial enterprises play an important role in the national economy, and commercial banks, as the main components of the financial industry, are more prominent. Generally speaking, other financial institutions are developed on the basis of commercial bank platform. The scope of business of commercial bank covers most of the economic field, which is the basis of a country's financial system. The development of commercial banks is related to economic development and social stability, and has the function of optimizing the allocation and regulation of funds, reflecting and supervising the economy. In recent years, China's major banks with unprecedented speed and scale of growth. With several state-owned commercial banks listed in succession, the listing of commercial banks has become an inevitable choice in its development stage. One of the characteristics of financial enterprises is high debt management. According to the current research situation, this paper analyzes the definition, characteristics and influencing factors of income quality, and combines qualitative and quantitative analysis. The purpose of this paper is to establish a strategic-oriented profit quality evaluation system for listed commercial banks. This paper holds that, from the perspective of qualitative analysis, the analysis of income quality of listed commercial banks should be carried out from four aspects: social environment, financial situation, choice of bank accounting policies, internal governance structure, and quantitative analysis. This paper mainly adopts factor analysis method to study the financial data of 16 listed commercial banks in Shanghai and Shenzhen for three years. This paper adopts 13 indexes to establish the evaluation system of the return quality of listed commercial banks in five aspects of security and structure, and draws a conclusion on this basis, and puts forward the relevant policy suggestions from the perspective of banks, governments and investors respectively.
【学位授予单位】：财政部财政科学研究所
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F830.42

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