金融支持低碳产业的影响因素研究
发布时间：2018-09-03 19:04
【摘要】：人类进入工业时代以来一直是以资源消耗、环境污染为代价发展本国经济,起初在经济发展过程中随着资源不断的消耗经济以加速的方式增长,大自然有能力承载工业发展所带来的环境污染,并且可以自行消化,然而随着工业化进程的加快以及在广度上的延伸,对环境的污染以及对资源的消耗程度已经远远成果大自然的自我消化和承载能力,最终的结果将是经济发展对资源的路径依赖以及资源缺失之间不可调和的矛盾,同时环境污染所带来的种种后果严重影响人类正常的生活秩序,甚至将是人类灭亡的元凶。 经济学家很早就开始研究人类工业发展过程中所产生的环境污染问题以及解决办法,庇古指出企业产出会有环境污染的外部性,解决的办法是企业生产的边际社会成本与企业生产的边际收益相等,而并不是古典经济学所倡导的边际私人成本与边际收益相等,科斯指出庇古的解决办法是政府的限制政策,损害厂商利益,科斯从福利经济学的角度对厂商生产的环境外部性做了分析,他认为要解决环境污染的问题必须考虑污染者和被污染者双方的利益,只有在产权界定的情况下才可以实现帕累托最优。2005年全球气候大会所签订的《京都议定书》根据科斯定理对各个国家的排放权制定产权,在产权界定的前提下各个国家进行碳排放权的交易,我们国家如何充分利用议定书中所制定的CDM机制为我国低碳产业的发展以及环境的改善提供资金支持,以及国内资金如何在实现环境保护的同时又能实现投资收益最大化,这些问题是各个国家投资者所面对的问题。我们研究国内资金对低碳产业支持的路径选择方面,文章共分为六个部分,内容如下： 第一部分是绪论。本部分包括研究背景、研究范围、研究意义和研究方法,主要介绍研究本论文的一些基础条件。 第二部分是相关研究综述。本部分中我们通过对国内外150多篇文章的研究得出碳金融的形成以及影响碳投资对低碳产业的影响因素,找出阻碍碳金融对支持低碳产业发展的原因。 第三部分是我国现实情况下发展低碳产业的唯一选择——资本投入。在本部分中,我们借鉴柯布道格拉斯生产函数,对资本的重要性进行研究,并结合我国现实情况说明,在当下我国现实情况下,要发展低碳经济,提高低碳产业的价值,唯一的选择就是大量投入资本金。 第四部分是对金融支持低碳产业风险因素的逐个分析。本部分中我们分别分析了碳减排承诺期限、碳价格以及碳政策对资本进入低碳产业的阻碍作用进行分析,碳减排承诺期限直接影响了《京都议定书》到期之前我国资本的进入,碳价格是在碳排放权市场存在的前提下资本进入的主要因素,碳政策直接影响了我国私人资本对低碳产业的支持。在本部分中我们对第一期《京都议定书》到期之后的碳排放权市场规模进行了预测,使用最优控制理论,改进的柯布道格拉斯函数以及政府与私人资本间的博弈等方法进行了研究,我们最终的结果表明资本顺利进入低碳产业受投资者的时间偏好率、碳减排成本、碳价格的波动幅度以及政府所采取的碳政策相关。 第五部分是对现在我国信贷市场的碳减排效率的实证研究,在本部分中我们以西部十二省份数据为研究对象,对我国信贷支持煤炭产业的碳效率进行研究,我们认为我们西部十二省份在单位货币的碳效率方面存在信贷失衡的现象。 第六部分为我国金融、低碳产业以及政策之间融合的机制设计。在本部分中我们根据我们的研究在政府参与下对碳金融支持低碳产业提供政策设计建议,加快我国低碳产业的发展。
[Abstract]:Human beings have been developing their own economy at the cost of resource consumption and environmental pollution since the industrial age. At first, with the constant consumption of resources and the accelerated growth of economy in the process of economic development, nature has the ability to bear the environmental pollution brought about by industrial development and can digest it by itself. However, with the process of industrialization Accelerated and extended in scope, environmental pollution and the consumption of resources have far outgrown nature's self-digestion and carrying capacity. The ultimate result will be the irreconcilable contradiction between economic development and resource dependence and resource shortage. At the same time, the consequences of environmental pollution will be serious. The normal order of life of mankind will even be the culprit of human perdition.
Economists began to study the environmental pollution problem and its solution in the process of human industrial development very early. Pigou pointed out that the output of enterprises will have the externality of environmental pollution. The solution is that the marginal social cost of enterprise production is equal to the marginal income of enterprise production, not the marginal value advocated by classical economics. Private costs and marginal benefits are equal. Coase pointed out that Pigou's solution is to restrict government policies and harm the interests of manufacturers. Coase analyzed the environmental externalities of manufacturers'production from the perspective of welfare economics. The Kyoto Protocol signed by the Global Climate Conference in 2005 formulates the property rights of each country's emission rights according to Coase Theorem, trades the carbon emission rights of each country under the premise of property rights definition. How can our country make full use of the CDM mechanism formulated in the protocol for our country? The development of low-carbon industries and the improvement of the environment provide financial support, and how domestic funds to achieve environmental protection while maximizing investment returns are the problems faced by investors in various countries. The contents are as follows:
The first part is the introduction. This part includes the research background, research scope, research significance and research methods, mainly introduces some basic conditions of this paper.
The second part is the related research summary. In this part, we get the formation of carbon finance and the influencing factors of carbon investment on low-carbon industry through the study of more than 150 articles at home and abroad.
The third part is the only choice to develop low-carbon industry in our country's reality - capital investment. In this part, we draw lessons from Cobb Douglas production function to study the importance of capital, and combined with the reality of our country, to develop low-carbon economy, improve the value of low-carbon industry, only in the current situation of our country. One choice is to invest heavily in capital.
The fourth part is to analyze the risk factors of financial support for low-carbon industries one by one.In this part, we analyze the carbon emission reduction commitment period, carbon price and carbon policy respectively, and analyze the hindrance of capital entering low-carbon industries.The carbon emission reduction commitment period directly affects the entry of capital in China before the expiry of the Kyoto Protocol. Carbon policy has a direct impact on the support of private capital to low-carbon industries. In this part, we forecast the market size of carbon emission rights after the expiration of the first phase of the Kyoto Protocol, and use the optimal control theory to improve Cobb Douglas. The results show that the smooth entry of capital into low-carbon industry is related to the time preference rate of investors, the cost of carbon emission reduction, the fluctuation of carbon price and the carbon policy adopted by the government.
The fifth part is the empirical study on the carbon emission reduction efficiency of China's credit market. In this part, we take the data of twelve provinces in Western China as the research object, and study the carbon efficiency of the coal industry supported by credit in China. We think that there is a credit imbalance in the carbon efficiency of unit currency in twelve provinces in Western China.
The sixth part is the mechanism design of the integration of finance, low-carbon industry and policy in our country. In this part, we provide policy design suggestions for carbon finance to support low-carbon industry with the participation of the government according to our research, so as to accelerate the development of low-carbon industry in our country.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F832;F124;F205
本文编号：2220893
[Abstract]:Human beings have been developing their own economy at the cost of resource consumption and environmental pollution since the industrial age. At first, with the constant consumption of resources and the accelerated growth of economy in the process of economic development, nature has the ability to bear the environmental pollution brought about by industrial development and can digest it by itself. However, with the process of industrialization Accelerated and extended in scope, environmental pollution and the consumption of resources have far outgrown nature's self-digestion and carrying capacity. The ultimate result will be the irreconcilable contradiction between economic development and resource dependence and resource shortage. At the same time, the consequences of environmental pollution will be serious. The normal order of life of mankind will even be the culprit of human perdition.
Economists began to study the environmental pollution problem and its solution in the process of human industrial development very early. Pigou pointed out that the output of enterprises will have the externality of environmental pollution. The solution is that the marginal social cost of enterprise production is equal to the marginal income of enterprise production, not the marginal value advocated by classical economics. Private costs and marginal benefits are equal. Coase pointed out that Pigou's solution is to restrict government policies and harm the interests of manufacturers. Coase analyzed the environmental externalities of manufacturers'production from the perspective of welfare economics. The Kyoto Protocol signed by the Global Climate Conference in 2005 formulates the property rights of each country's emission rights according to Coase Theorem, trades the carbon emission rights of each country under the premise of property rights definition. How can our country make full use of the CDM mechanism formulated in the protocol for our country? The development of low-carbon industries and the improvement of the environment provide financial support, and how domestic funds to achieve environmental protection while maximizing investment returns are the problems faced by investors in various countries. The contents are as follows:
The first part is the introduction. This part includes the research background, research scope, research significance and research methods, mainly introduces some basic conditions of this paper.
The second part is the related research summary. In this part, we get the formation of carbon finance and the influencing factors of carbon investment on low-carbon industry through the study of more than 150 articles at home and abroad.
The third part is the only choice to develop low-carbon industry in our country's reality - capital investment. In this part, we draw lessons from Cobb Douglas production function to study the importance of capital, and combined with the reality of our country, to develop low-carbon economy, improve the value of low-carbon industry, only in the current situation of our country. One choice is to invest heavily in capital.
The fourth part is to analyze the risk factors of financial support for low-carbon industries one by one.In this part, we analyze the carbon emission reduction commitment period, carbon price and carbon policy respectively, and analyze the hindrance of capital entering low-carbon industries.The carbon emission reduction commitment period directly affects the entry of capital in China before the expiry of the Kyoto Protocol. Carbon policy has a direct impact on the support of private capital to low-carbon industries. In this part, we forecast the market size of carbon emission rights after the expiration of the first phase of the Kyoto Protocol, and use the optimal control theory to improve Cobb Douglas. The results show that the smooth entry of capital into low-carbon industry is related to the time preference rate of investors, the cost of carbon emission reduction, the fluctuation of carbon price and the carbon policy adopted by the government.
The fifth part is the empirical study on the carbon emission reduction efficiency of China's credit market. In this part, we take the data of twelve provinces in Western China as the research object, and study the carbon efficiency of the coal industry supported by credit in China. We think that there is a credit imbalance in the carbon efficiency of unit currency in twelve provinces in Western China.
The sixth part is the mechanism design of the integration of finance, low-carbon industry and policy in our country. In this part, we provide policy design suggestions for carbon finance to support low-carbon industry with the participation of the government according to our research, so as to accelerate the development of low-carbon industry in our country.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F832;F124;F205
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