中国外商直接投资区位选择分析

发布时间：2018-11-13 08:06

【摘要】：改革开放以来，中国经济持续快速发展。经过30多年的发展，截至2011年，中国GDP已经超越日本，成为仅次于美国的世界第二大经济体。由于中国坚持对外开放的政策，在华外商直接投资（FDI）不断发展，其对中国经济的发展起到了巨大的推动作用。虽然我国所吸收FDI的规模不断扩大，并取得巨大的成绩，但是FDI在我国东部地区高度集中，中西部地区尤其是西部地区吸引FDI乏力，存在着FDI在我国区域分布极不均衡的现象，这也加剧了中国区域经济发展的失衡，严重影响了中国经济的持续稳定发展。其次，中国各地区虽然高度重视FDI的引进，但是有些省区也存在区位优势发挥不充分，FDI引进效率低下等问题。因此，为了促进中国各省区、特别是中西部省区引进FDI的效率，推动经济落后地区经济加快发展，缩小地区间经济发展的不平衡，需要对FDI在中国的区位选择问题进行深入的研究。本文在借鉴国内外研究成果基础上，采用理论分析和实证分析结合的方法，对外商在中国直接投资的区位选择进行定性和定量研究，以期为我国各地区引进外资决策提供有效的理论支持和政策引导。本文可能有以下三个方面的创新点：（1）目前，国内外学者都侧重于外商直接投资区位选择影响因素的研究，而涉及外商直接投资如何选择最合适的投资地区这方面的研究很少，本文以此作为研究的出发点，引入了数据挖掘方法和多目标决策方法，设计了一种综合动态评估模型用于外商直接投资区位选择，并对中国31个省市区进行了实证分析。（2）FDI区位选择评价指标体系的合理性和科学性直接关系到外商直接投资区位选择评估的有效性，但是学术界对于FDI区位选择评估指标并没有一个完善的确定的体系。本文总结归纳了FDI区位选择的影响因素，并通过数据挖掘方法筛选出一个比较合理的FDI区位选择评估指标。（3）本文采用DEA模型来分析在中国31个省区引进外商直接投资的效率。文章分别采用了DEA的BCC模型和Malmquist模型，从静态和动态两方面分析了中国31个省区引进外商直接投资的效率，，并详细探讨了FDI引进效率变动的主要原因，为中国各省区提高FDI引进效率提供了政策指导。本文研究主要得出以下结论：经过实验证明，本文提出的动态综合评估方法能有效地运用到外商直接投资区位选择上，本文通过数据挖掘方法筛选出来的外商直接投资区位选择评估指标体系也是比较科学、实用的；FDI引进效率与FDI区位选择有着正相关的关系，要提高一个地区吸引FDI的能力，不仅需要改善当地的投资环境，而且还需要政府发挥统筹规划的作用，充分发挥地区的区位优势，提高该地区FDI引进效率。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy continues to develop rapidly. By 2011, after more than 30 years of development, China's GDP had overtaken Japan as the world's second largest economy after the United States. Because of China's policy of opening to the outside world, foreign direct investment (FDI) in China continues to develop, which plays a great role in promoting the development of China's economy. Although the scale of FDI absorbed by our country is expanding, and great achievements have been made, FDI is highly concentrated in the eastern part of our country, and the central and western regions, especially the western region, are weak in attracting FDI, and there is a phenomenon that the distribution of FDI in our country is extremely uneven. This also aggravated the imbalance of China's regional economic development and seriously affected the sustained and stable development of China's economy. Secondly, although all regions in China attach great importance to the introduction of FDI, some provinces and regions also have some problems, such as inadequate regional advantages and inefficient introduction of FDI. Therefore, in order to promote the efficiency of the introduction of FDI in China's provinces and regions, especially those in the central and western regions, to accelerate the development of the economy in the economically backward areas, and to reduce the imbalance in the economic development among the regions, It is necessary to study the location choice of FDI in China. Based on the domestic and foreign research results, this paper makes a qualitative and quantitative study on the location choice of foreign direct investment in China by combining theoretical analysis with empirical analysis. In order to provide effective theoretical support and policy guidance for the decision of introducing foreign capital in various regions of China. This paper may have the following three aspects of innovation: (1) at present, scholars at home and abroad have focused on the influence factors of FDI location selection. However, there is little research on how to select the most suitable investment area for FDI. This paper introduces data mining and multi-objective decision making methods as the starting point of the research. A comprehensive dynamic evaluation model is designed for the location selection of foreign direct investment (FDI). An empirical analysis is made on 31 provinces and municipalities in China. (2) the rationality and scientificity of FDI location selection evaluation index system are directly related to the effectiveness of FDI location selection evaluation. However, there is not a perfect system for evaluating FDI location selection in academic circles. This paper summarizes the influence factors of FDI location selection, And through the data mining method to select a more reasonable FDI location selection evaluation index. (3) this paper uses DEA model to analyze the efficiency of introducing foreign direct investment in 31 provinces and regions in China. This paper adopts DEA's BCC model and Malmquist model, analyzes the efficiency of introducing foreign direct investment in 31 provinces and regions of China from static and dynamic aspects, and discusses in detail the main reasons for the change of FDI import efficiency. It provides policy guidance for China's provinces and regions to improve the efficiency of FDI introduction. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: the dynamic comprehensive evaluation method proposed in this paper can be effectively applied to the location selection of foreign direct investment (FDI). The evaluation index system of FDI location selection selected by data mining method in this paper is scientific and practical. There is a positive correlation between the efficiency of introducing FDI and the location choice of FDI. In order to improve the ability of a region to attract FDI, it is necessary not only to improve the local investment environment, but also to give full play to the role of the government in the overall planning to give full play to the location advantages of the region. Improve the efficiency of FDI introduction in this area.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F832.6;F224

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