中国外商直接投资区位选择的趋势研究：1984-2009

发布时间：2018-11-18 21:05

【摘要】：改革开放以来，我国经济取得了举世瞩目的成就，吸收和利用了大量的外商直接投资（Foreign Direct Investment）。但是回顾我国吸引FDI的历史，我们可以看到改革开放初期我国吸引较少的FDI，但在1992年提出“以市场换技术”的战略后吸引的FDI急剧上升，在加入WTO后，FDI的流入又呈现新的现象。同时FDI在我国国内区域分布也十分不均衡，呈现东高西低的局面；并且，在同一区域内，不同时期吸引FDI的情况也各不相同。本文试图从影响FDI区位选择的影响因素出发，，找到影响因素对FDI区位选择的影响关系及这种关系的变化趋势，进而根据这种变化趋势建议地方政府制定相关政策更好的改善区位因素，吸引更多的FDI。本文运用理论和实证分析法，以城市为截面作为研究对象，探讨了不同区位因素和FDI区位选择之间的关系，以及这种关系的变化，通过研究发现：全国：人均地区生产总值（pgdp）、优惠政策（policy）、高校在校学生数（student）以及人均工资（wage）对FDI的影响呈现逐渐加大的趋势；废水处理达标率（wastewater）与FDI的区位选择呈现负相关，且这种关系到第三阶段才显现出来；货运量（cargo）对FDI区位选择的影响呈现先增大后减小的趋势，但是依然保持正向关系。而地区生产总值增长率（gdpg）对FDI的区位选择影响不显著。东部地区：人均地区生产总值、人均工资对FDI的影响呈现逐渐加大的趋势，优惠政策、高校在校学生数对FDI的区位选择的影响呈现先增大后减小的趋势，货运量对FDI的影响从无到有再到无的过程。废水处理达标率、地区生产总值增长率对FDI的区位选择影响不显著。中部地区：优惠政策、高校在校学生数和人均工资对FDI的区位选择的正面影响程度在逐渐加大，人均地区生产总值、货运量从第二阶段开始对FDI区位选择有正向影响，且这种影响关系在加强。废水处理达标率、地区生产总值增长率对FDI的区位选择影响不显著。西部地区：所有因素在第一、二阶段对FDI区位选择基本上都没有影响。第三阶段只有货运量、高校在校学生数对FDI的区位选择的有正面影响，而废水处理达标率对FDI的区位选择有负面影响。其余因素对FDI区位选择影响不显著。本文的研究结论，对各地方政府尤其是经济落后的中西部地方政府改善区位因素提高吸引FDI的能力，加快当地经济发展、缩小区域间差距有着重要的指导意义。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has made remarkable achievements, absorbing and utilizing a large number of foreign direct investment (Foreign Direct Investment). However, looking back at the history of attracting FDI in China, we can see that at the beginning of reform and opening up, China attracted less FDI, but after the strategy of "market for technology" was put forward in 1992, the FDI attracted a sharp rise, and after joining WTO, The inflow of FDI presents a new phenomenon. At the same time, the regional distribution of FDI in our country is also very uneven, showing the situation of east high and west low, and in the same region, the situation of attracting FDI is different in different periods. This paper tries to find out the influence relationship of the influence factors on the location choice of FDI and the changing trend of this kind of relationship from the perspective of the influencing factors of the location choice of FDI. According to this trend, local governments should make relevant policies to improve location factors and attract more FDI.. In this paper, the relationship between different location factors and FDI location selection is discussed, and the change of this relationship is discussed by using the theory and empirical analysis, taking the city as the research object. Through the research, it is found that: the national (pgdp), preferential policy of per capita regional gross domestic product (policy), the number of (student) students in colleges and universities, and the influence of per capita wage (wage) on FDI are gradually increasing; There is a negative correlation between (wastewater) and FDI location selection in wastewater treatment, and this relationship only appears in the third stage, and the effect of (cargo) on FDI location selection increases first and then decreases, but it still maintains a positive relationship. However, the regional GDP growth rate (gdpg) has no significant effect on the location choice of FDI. Eastern region: the per capita gross domestic product, the per capita wage impact on FDI is gradually increasing, preferential policies, the number of college students on the FDI location choice shows a trend of first increase and then decrease, The influence of freight volume on FDI is from zero to no. The rate of wastewater treatment and the growth rate of regional gross domestic product have no significant influence on the location choice of FDI. Central China: preferential policies, the number of college students and the per capita wage are gradually increasing the degree of positive impact on the location choice of FDI. The per capita regional gross domestic product (GDP) and freight volume have a positive impact on the location choice of FDI from the second stage. And this kind of influence relation is strengthening. The rate of wastewater treatment and the growth rate of regional gross domestic product have no significant influence on the location choice of FDI. Western China: all factors have no effect on FDI location choice in the first and second stages. In the third stage, the quantity of freight is the only one. The number of college students has a positive effect on the location choice of FDI, while the rate of wastewater treatment has a negative effect on the location choice of FDI. Other factors have no significant effect on FDI location selection. The conclusion of this paper is of great significance for the local governments, especially the local governments in the central and western regions, to improve the location factors and enhance the ability to attract FDI, accelerate the development of the local economy, and narrow the gap between regions.
【学位授予单位】：南京财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F832.6;F224

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